Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, SA, Australia.
Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, SA, Australia; School of Science, STEM, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 May 5;469:133948. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133948. Epub 2024 Mar 5.
Bioaccessibility and relative bioavailability of As, Cd, Pb and Sb was investigated in 30 legacy gold mining wastes (calcine sands, grey battery sands, tailings) from Victorian goldfields (Australia). Pseudo-total As concentration in 29 samples was 1.45-148-fold higher than the residential soil guidance value (100 mg/kg) while Cd and Pb concentrations in calcine sands were up to 2.4-fold and 30.1-fold higher than the corresponding guidance value (Cd: 20 mg/kg and Pb: 300 mg/kg). Five calcine sands exhibited elevated Sb (31.9-5983 mg/kg), although an Australian soil guidance value is currently unavailable. Arsenic bioaccessibility (n = 30) and relative bioavailability (RBA; n = 8) ranged from 6.10-77.6% and 10.3-52.9% respectively. Samples containing > 50% arsenopyrite/scorodite showed low As bioaccessibility (<20.0%) and RBA (<15.0%). Co-contaminant RBA was assessed in 4 calcine sands; Pb RBA ranged from 73.7-119% with high Pb RBA associated with organic and mineral sorbed Pb and, lower Pb RBA observed in samples containing plumbojarosite. In contrast, Cd RBA ranged from 55.0-67.0%, while Sb RBA was < 5%. This study highlights the importance of using multiple lines of evidence during exposure assessment and provides valuable baseline data for co-contaminants associated with legacy gold mining activities.
对维多利亚州（澳大利亚）金矿场的 30 个遗留金矿废料（煅烧砂、灰色电池砂、尾矿）中的砷、镉、铅和锑的生物可及性和相对生物有效性进行了研究。29 个样品的总砷浓度是住宅土壤指导值（100mg/kg）的 1.45-148 倍，而煅烧砂中的镉和铅浓度分别比相应的指导值高 2.4 倍和 30.1 倍（镉：20mg/kg，铅：300mg/kg）。5 种煅烧砂的锑含量较高（31.9-5983mg/kg），尽管目前澳大利亚土壤指导值中还没有锑的标准。砷的生物可及性（n=30）和相对生物有效性（RBA；n=8）分别为 6.10-77.6%和 10.3-52.9%。含有>50%砷黄铁矿/硫砷铜矿的样品显示出较低的砷生物可及性（<20.0%）和 RBA（<15.0%）。在 4 种煅烧砂中评估了共污染物的 RBA；铅的 RBA 范围为 73.7-119%，高铅 RBA 与有机和矿物吸附的铅有关，而在含有铅矾的样品中观察到较低的铅 RBA。相比之下，镉的 RBA 范围为 55.0-67.0%，而锑的 RBA<5%。本研究强调了在暴露评估中使用多种证据的重要性，并为与遗留金矿活动相关的共污染物提供了有价值的基线数据。
