Challita Elio J, Rohilla Pankaj, Bhamla M Saad
School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA.
ArXiv. 2024 Mar 4:arXiv:2403.02359v1.
From microscopic fungi to colossal whales, fluidic ejections are a universal and intricate phenomenon in biology, serving vital functions such as animal excretion, venom spraying, prey hunting, spore dispersal, and plant guttation. This review delves into the complex fluid physics of ejections across various scales, exploring both muscle-powered active systems and passive mechanisms driven by gravity or osmosis. We introduce a framework using dimensionless numbers to delineate transitions from dripping to jetting and elucidate the governing forces. Highlighting the understudied area of complex fluid ejections, this work not only rationalizes the biophysics involved but also uncovers potential engineering applications in soft robotics, additive manufacturing, and drug delivery. By bridging biomechanics, the physics of living systems, and fluid dynamics, this review offers valuable insights into the diverse world of fluid ejections and paves the way for future bioinspired research across the spectrum of life.
从微观真菌到巨大的鲸鱼，流体喷射是生物学中一种普遍且复杂的现象，发挥着诸如动物排泄、毒液喷射、捕食、孢子传播和植物吐水等重要功能。本综述深入探讨了不同尺度下喷射的复杂流体物理学，研究了肌肉驱动的主动系统以及由重力或渗透作用驱动的被动机制。我们引入了一个使用无量纲数的框架来描述从滴落到喷射的转变，并阐明主导力。这项工作突出了复杂流体喷射这一研究较少的领域，不仅对其中涉及的生物物理学原理进行了合理化解释，还揭示了在软机器人技术、增材制造和药物输送等方面的潜在工程应用。通过将生物力学、生命系统物理学和流体动力学联系起来，本综述为流体喷射的多样世界提供了宝贵的见解，并为未来跨生命领域的生物启发式研究铺平了道路。
