Department of Sociology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2024 Nov;39(21-22):4215-4259. doi: 10.1177/08862605241234355. Epub 2024 Mar 19.
The Me Too Movement has reshaped cultural awareness about sexual violence but little is known about how this shift may have coincided with changes in the reporting of sexual violence. The current study is the first to use the National Crime Victimization Survey to compare pre-#MeToo and post-#MeToo reports of sexual violence across three different blocks of time (Time 1: 2014-2015; Time 2: October 2017-September 2019; Time 3: October 2019-September 2021). Comparisons include prevalence rates of overall sexual violence, self-reports of sexual violence, official police reports of sexual violence, and situational characteristics of sexual violence (offender was a stranger, victim injury, victim services used). We also examine gender (women/men) and racial (White women/non-White women) differences in sexual violence reporting. Using formal comparisons, we find a significant increase in the rates of overall sexual violence as well as self-reports and stranger-offender reports of sexual violence between the pre- (Time 1) and the first post-#MeToo time point (Time 2). However, these increases are no longer evident in Time 3. In addition, the changes between the pre- (Time 1) and the first post-#MeToo time point (Time 2) are driven primarily by White women's reporting of sexual violence, and we find no significant changes in the rates of sexual violence experienced by men nor non-White women during these time periods.
#MeToo 运动改变了人们对性暴力的文化认知，但对于这种转变如何与性暴力报告的变化同时发生，我们知之甚少。本研究首次使用全国犯罪受害者调查（National Crime Victimization Survey），在三个不同的时间段（时间 1：2014-2015 年；时间 2：2017 年 10 月至 2019 年 9 月；时间 3：2019 年 10 月至 2021 年 9 月）比较了#MeToo 前后性暴力报告。比较包括总体性暴力发生率、性暴力自我报告、官方警察报告的性暴力，以及性暴力的情境特征（犯罪人是否为陌生人、受害者受伤情况、受害者使用的服务）。我们还检查了性暴力报告中的性别（女性/男性）和种族（白人女性/非白人女性）差异。使用正式比较，我们发现总体性暴力以及陌生人犯罪人性暴力的自我报告和报告率在#MeToo 之前（时间 1）和第一个#MeToo 之后的时间点（时间 2）之间显著增加。然而，这些增加在时间 3 中不再明显。此外，在#MeToo 之前（时间 1）和第一个#MeToo 之后的时间点（时间 2）之间的变化主要是由白人女性报告的性暴力驱动的，我们发现男性和非白人女性在这些时期的性暴力发生率没有显著变化。
