School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, People's Republic of China.
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.
Biofabrication. 2024 Mar 28;16(2). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad35e8.
The application of additive manufacturing (AM) technology plays a significant role in various fields, incorporating a wide range of cutting-edge technologies such as aerospace, medical treatment, electronic information, and materials. It is currently widely adopted for medical services, national defense, and industrial manufacturing. In recent years, AM has also been extensively employed to produce bone scaffolds and implant materials. Through AM, products can be manufactured without being constrained by complex internal structures. AM is particularly advantageous in the production of macroscopically irregular and microscopically porous biomimetic bone scaffolds, with short production cycles required. In this paper, AM commonly used to produce bone scaffolds and orthopedic implants is overviewed to analyze the different materials and structures adopted for AM. The applications of antibacterial bone scaffolds and bone scaffolds in biologically relevant animal models are discussed. Also, the influence on the comprehensive performance of product mechanics, mass transfer, and biology is explored. By identifying the reasons for the limited application of existing AM in the biomedical field, the solutions are proposed. This study provides an important reference for the future development of AM in the field of orthopedic healthcare. In conclusion, various AM technologies, the requirements of bone scaffolds and the important role of AM in building bridges between biomaterials, additives, and bone tissue engineering scaffolds are described and highlighted. Nevertheless, more caution should be exercised when designing bone scaffolds and conducting in vivo trials, due to the lack of standardized processes, which prevents the accuracy of results and reduces the reliability of information.
增材制造（AM）技术的应用在航空航天、医疗、电子信息、材料等多个领域发挥着重要作用，融合了多种前沿技术。目前，它已广泛应用于医疗服务、国防和工业制造领域。近年来，AM 技术也被广泛应用于生产骨支架和植入物材料。通过 AM，产品的制造不再受复杂内部结构的限制。AM 在生产宏观不规则、微观多孔仿生骨支架方面具有明显优势，生产周期短。本文综述了 AM 技术在骨支架和骨科植入物中的应用，分析了 AM 所采用的不同材料和结构。讨论了抗菌骨支架和在生物学相关动物模型中的应用。同时，还探讨了其对产品力学、传质和生物学综合性能的影响。通过分析现有 AM 在生物医学领域应用受限的原因，提出了解决方案。本研究为 AM 在骨科医疗保健领域的未来发展提供了重要参考。总之，本文描述并强调了各种 AM 技术、骨支架的要求以及 AM 在连接生物材料、添加剂和骨组织工程支架方面的重要作用。然而，由于缺乏标准化的流程，在设计骨支架和进行体内试验时需要更加谨慎，这会影响结果的准确性，并降低信息的可靠性。
