Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, PR China.
Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 Jun;280:109904. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109904. Epub 2024 Mar 18.
Microcystins (MCs) are prevalent harmful contaminants within shrimp aquaculture systems, exhibiting a diverse array of variants. Gut microbiota can engage in mutual interactions with the host through the gut-liver axis. In this study, the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were subjected to three different variants of MCs (LR, YR, RR) at a concentration of 1 μg/L each, and elucidated the alterations in both intestinal microbiota and hepatopancreas physiological homeostasis. The results showed that all three variants of MCs prompted histological alterations in the hepatopancreas, induced elevated levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (HO, T-SOD, and CAT), disturbed the transcription levels of immune-related genes (Crus, ALF, and Lys), along with an increase in apoptotic genes (Casp-3 and P53). Furthermore, the metabolic profiles of the hepatopancreas were perturbed, particularly in amino acid metabolism such as "lysine degradation" and "β-alanine metabolism"; the mTOR and FoxO signaling were also influenced, encompassing alterations in the transcription levels of related genes. Additionally, the alterations were observed in the intestinal microbiota's diversity and composition, particularly potential beneficial bacteria (Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Collinsella, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotellaceae UCG-001), which exhibited a positive correlation with the metabolite berberine. These findings reveal that the three MCs variants can impact the health of the shrimp by interfering with the homeostasis of intestinal microbial and hepatopancreas physiology.
微囊藻毒素（MCs）是虾养殖系统中普遍存在的有害污染物，具有多种变体。肠道微生物群可以通过肠-肝轴与宿主相互作用。在这项研究中，虾凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）暴露于三种不同变体的 MCs（LR、YR、RR）中，浓度均为 1μg/L，并阐明了肠道微生物群和肝胰腺生理稳态的变化。结果表明，三种变体的 MCs 均引起肝胰腺的组织学改变，诱导氧化应激生物标志物（HO、T-SOD 和 CAT）水平升高，干扰免疫相关基因（Crus、ALF 和 Lys）的转录水平，并增加凋亡基因（Casp-3 和 P53）。此外，肝胰腺的代谢谱受到干扰，特别是在氨基酸代谢中，如“赖氨酸降解”和“β-丙氨酸代谢”；mTOR 和 FoxO 信号也受到影响，包括相关基因转录水平的改变。此外，肠道微生物群的多样性和组成也发生了变化，特别是潜在有益细菌（Alloprevotella、Bacteroides、Collinsella、Faecalibacterium 和 Prevotellaceae UCG-001），它们与代谢物小檗碱呈正相关。这些发现表明，三种 MCs 变体可以通过干扰肠道微生物和肝胰腺生理学的稳态来影响虾的健康。
