Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 May;100:445-455. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.018. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
Copper can be accumulated in water through excessive sewage discharge or residual algaecide to generate toxic effect to aquatic animals. In this study, the juvenile of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei was exposed to 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 or 1 mg Cu L for 30 days. Growth, immune function, anti-oxidative status and gut microbiota were evaluated. Weight gain and specific growth rate of L. vannamei were significantly decreased with the increase of ambient Cu. Enlarged lumen and ruptured cells were found in the hepatopancreas of shrimp in the 0.5 or 1 mg Cu L treatment. Total hemocyte counts of shrimp in 0.5 or 1 mg Cu L were significantly lower than in the control. The hemocyanin concentration was also significantly increased in 0.2 or 0.5 mg Cu L. Lysozyme contents were reduced in shrimp when Cu exceeded 0.2 mg L. Meanwhile, activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were increased in the hepatopancreas and the activity of Na-K ATPase was decreased in the gills with increasing Cu. The mRNA expressions of immune deficiency, toll-like receptor and caspase-3 were all significantly higher in the hepatopancreas in 0.05 mg Cu L than in the control. For the diversity of intestinal microbes, Bacteroidetes significantly decreased in 1 mg Cu L at the phylum level. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrates that 1 mg L Cu can significantly alter metabolism, cellular processes and environmental information processing. This study indicates that the concentration of 1 mg L Cu can negatively impact growth, hemolymph immunity, anti-oxidative capacity and gut microbiota composition of L. vannamei.
铜可以通过过量污水排放或残留杀藻剂在水中积累，对水生动物产生有毒影响。在这项研究中，太平洋白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）的幼虾暴露于 0（对照）、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.5 或 1mg Cu L 中 30 天。评估了生长、免疫功能、抗氧化状态和肠道微生物群。随着环境 Cu 的增加，L. vannamei 的体重增加和特定生长率显著降低。在 0.5 或 1mg Cu L 处理的虾的肝胰腺中发现了扩大的腔和破裂的细胞。0.5 或 1mg Cu L 中虾的总血细胞计数明显低于对照组。0.2 或 0.5mg Cu L 中血蓝蛋白浓度也显著增加。当 Cu 超过 0.2mg/L 时，虾的溶菌酶含量降低。同时，超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性在肝胰腺中增加，而 Na-K ATPase 的活性在鳃中降低，随着 Cu 的增加。在肝胰腺中，免疫缺陷、 toll 样受体和 caspase-3 的 mRNA 表达在 0.05mg Cu L 中均显著高于对照组。对于肠道微生物的多样性，在门水平上，Bacteroidetes 在 1mg Cu L 中显著减少。KEGG 途径分析表明，1mg L Cu 可以显著改变代谢、细胞过程和环境信息处理。本研究表明，1mg L Cu 的浓度会对 L. vannamei 的生长、血淋巴免疫、抗氧化能力和肠道微生物组成产生负面影响。
