Author Affiliations: Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work.
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
J Forensic Nurs. 2024;20(3):166-173. doi: 10.1097/JFN.0000000000000483. Epub 2024 Mar 21.
BACKGROUND: Forensic nurse examiners, including sexual assault nurse examiners, provide care for survivors holistically through healthcare, emotional support, connection to follow-up care, safety planning, and, if desired, evidence collection to aid in the prosecution of sexual assault. There is increasing recognition that trauma-informed care must also include an understanding of the impacts of structural violence on minoritized patients to ensure health equity. AIM: To help address this guidance gap, we expanded Campbell and colleagues' empowering care model using a trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC) lens. METHODS: We used an iterative discussion-based process that included five joint meetings between a seven-member transdisciplinary research team and a five-member nurse advisory board. RESULTS: In a TVIC-informed empowering care model, we propose behavioral examples for forensic nurses for each of Campbell et al.'s five key domains of empowering care for forensic nurse examinations (i.e., build rapport and establish trust, show compassion, provide patient-directed care, convey professionalism, and provide resource referral and follow-up). CONCLUSIONS: These behavioral examples for nurses can help guide forensic nurse training and practice to reduce disparities in treatment and follow-up support. Structures and systems are needed that enable forensic nurses to provide trauma- and violence-informed empowering care to survivors of sexual assault and, over time, increase the accessibility of forensic nurse examinations and improve patient outcomes.
背景:法医护士检查人员(包括性侵犯护士检查人员)通过医疗保健、情感支持、与后续护理的联系、安全规划以及(如有需要)收集证据来为幸存者提供全面的护理,以协助性侵犯的起诉。人们越来越认识到,创伤知情护理还必须包括了解结构性暴力对少数族裔患者的影响,以确保健康公平。
目的:为了解决这一指导空白,我们使用创伤和暴力知情护理 (TVIC) 视角扩展了 Campbell 及其同事的赋权护理模型。
方法:我们使用了一种迭代的基于讨论的过程,包括一个由七名跨学科研究团队成员和五名护士顾问委员会成员组成的小组进行了五次联席会议。
结果:在 TVIC 知情的赋权护理模型中,我们针对 Campbell 等人的法医检查赋能护理的五个关键领域中的每一个,提出了法医护士的行为示例(即建立融洽关系和信任、表现出同情心、提供以患者为导向的护理、传达专业精神以及提供资源转介和随访)。
结论:这些针对护士的行为示例可以帮助指导法医护士的培训和实践,以减少治疗和后续支持方面的差异。需要建立结构和系统,使法医护士能够为性侵犯幸存者提供创伤知情和赋权护理,随着时间的推移,提高法医检查的可及性,并改善患者的预后。
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