Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 8;17(6):e0268888. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268888. eCollection 2022.
THIS ARTICLE USES WORDS OR LANGUAGE THAT IS CONSIDERED PROFANE, VULGAR, OR OFFENSIVE BY SOME READERS. The new generation of direct-acting antivirals has improved dramatically the rates of cure for chronic hepatitis C. Yet, evidence shows that racial groups are deemed more often ineligible for hepatitis C treatment, despite no clinical evidence supporting differential treatment for Black and White patients. One possible explanation has to do with providers' racial biases. This investigation sought to explore medical students' racial stereotypes (Study 1, N = 171) and the role of stereotypical cues on perceptions of medical adherence of Black and White patients (Study 2, N = 208). In Study 1, we first sought to identify health-related aspects that are consistently associated with Blacks as part of a stereotype. In Study 2, we experimentally manipulated racial stereotypes identified in Study 1 by asking participants to read a clinical vignette depicting a patient (Black vs. White) and their medical history (cause of exposure to hepatitis C: unprotected sex vs. non-injectable drugs use). The results show that the impact of stereotypicality on patient perceived compliance varies as a function of medical students' racial prejudice. Implications for further applied health inequalities research and for medical training are discussed.
本文使用了一些被某些读者认为是亵渎、粗俗或冒犯性的词语或语言。新一代直接作用的抗病毒药物极大地提高了慢性丙型肝炎的治愈率。然而，有证据表明，尽管没有临床证据支持对黑人和白人患者进行不同的治疗，但某些种族群体被认为更不符合丙型肝炎治疗的条件。一个可能的解释与提供者的种族偏见有关。这项研究旨在探讨医学生的种族刻板印象（研究 1，N=171），以及刻板印象线索在对黑人和白人患者的医疗依从性的看法中的作用（研究 2，N=208）。在研究 1 中，我们首先试图确定与黑人有关的、作为刻板印象一部分的一致相关的健康方面。在研究 2 中，我们通过要求参与者阅读描述一名患者（黑人与白人）及其病史（感染丙型肝炎的原因：无保护性行为与非注射药物使用）的临床案例，来对研究 1 中确定的种族刻板印象进行实验性操纵。结果表明，刻板印象对患者感知到的依从性的影响因医学生的种族偏见而异。讨论了对进一步的应用健康不平等研究和医学培训的影响。
