Pei Yilai, Wang Zhaoxin, Lee Tatia M C
Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
China Institute of Education and Social Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2024 Mar 9;16:428-435. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.03.002. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Both P3b and the inspection time (IT) are related with intelligence, yet the P3b correlates of IT are not well understood. This event-related potential study addressed this question by asking participants (N = 28) to perform an IT task. There were three IT conditions with different levels of discriminative stimulus duration, i.e., 33 ms, 67 ms, and 100 ms, and a control condition with no target presentation (0 ms condition). We also measured participants' processing speed with four Elementary Cognitive Tests (ECTs), including a Simple Reaction Time task (SRT), two Choice Reaction Time tasks (CRTs), and a Pattern Discrimination task (PD). Results revealed that an increase in P3b latency with longer duration of the discriminative stimulus. Moreover, the P3b latency was negatively correlated with the accuracy of the IT task in the 33 ms condition, but not evident in the 67 and 100 ms conditions. Furthermore, the P3b latency of the 33 ms condition was positively correlated with the RT of the SRT, but not related with the RTs of CRTs or PD. A significant main effect of duration on the amplitude of P1 was also found. We conclude that the present study provides the neurophysiological correlates of the IT task, and those who are able to accurately perceive and process very briefly presented stimuli have a higher speed of information process, reflected by the P3b latency, yet this relationship is more obvious in the most difficult condition. Combined, our results suggest that P3b is related with the closure of a perceptual epoch to form the neural representation of a stimulus, in support of the "context closure" hypothesis.
P3b和检查时间（IT）均与智力相关，但IT的P3b相关性尚未得到很好的理解。这项事件相关电位研究通过要求参与者（N = 28）执行IT任务来解决这个问题。有三种具有不同辨别刺激持续时间水平的IT条件，即33毫秒、67毫秒和100毫秒，以及一种无目标呈现的对照条件（0毫秒条件）。我们还使用四项基本认知测试（ECT）测量了参与者的处理速度，包括简单反应时任务（SRT）、两项选择反应时任务（CRT）和一项模式辨别任务（PD）。结果显示，随着辨别刺激持续时间延长，P3b潜伏期增加。此外，在33毫秒条件下，P3b潜伏期与IT任务的准确性呈负相关，但在67毫秒和100毫秒条件下不明显。此外，33毫秒条件下的P3b潜伏期与SRT的反应时呈正相关，但与CRT或PD的反应时无关。还发现持续时间对P1波幅有显著的主效应。我们得出结论，本研究提供了IT任务的神经生理学相关性，那些能够准确感知和处理非常短暂呈现刺激的人具有更高的信息处理速度，这通过P3b潜伏期反映出来，但这种关系在最困难的条件下更为明显。综合来看，我们的结果表明P3b与感知阶段的结束相关，以形成刺激的神经表征，支持“情境闭合”假说。
