Rheumatology Department, Te Whatu Ora, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Rheumatology Department, Te Whatu Ora, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand; Waikato Clinical School, The University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2024 Mar 22;137(1592):14-21. doi: 10.26635/6965.6379.
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary vasculitis in adults over 50 years of age. Our primary objective was to assess the incidence and prevalence of GCA in Waikato in a bid to deepen our understanding of the epidemiology of GCA in Aotearoa New Zealand.
From January 2014 to December 2022, cases of GCA were identified prospectively and retrospectively through temporal artery ultrasound request lists and temporal artery biopsy histology reports. Using electronic health records, data were collected retrospectively on patient demographics and clinical features. These were used to calculate the incidence, prevalence and standardised mortality ratio (SMR) of GCA in Waikato.
There were 214 patients diagnosed with GCA over the 9-year period. The majority of patients were European (93.9%, 201/214) with Māori patients being significantly younger than European patients. The mean annual incidence of clinical GCA was 14.7 per 100,000 people over 50 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.7-16.6). The SMR was 1.18 (95% CI 0.83-1.52).
This is the largest study to date on the epidemiology of GCA in Aotearoa New Zealand. The incidence of GCA is comparable to other studies performed in Aotearoa New Zealand and appears to be stable over time. GCA is uncommon in Māori, Pacific Islander and Asian ethnic groups.
巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）是 50 岁以上成年人中最常见的原发性血管炎。我们的主要目标是评估怀卡托地区 GCA 的发病率和患病率，以期加深我们对新西兰 GCA 流行病学的理解。
从 2014 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月，通过颞动脉超声检查申请列表和颞动脉活检组织学报告前瞻性和回顾性地确定 GCA 病例。使用电子健康记录，回顾性收集患者的人口统计学和临床特征数据。这些数据用于计算怀卡托地区 GCA 的发病率、患病率和标准化死亡率比（SMR）。
在 9 年期间，共诊断出 214 例 GCA 患者。大多数患者为欧洲人（93.9%，201/214），毛利人患者明显比欧洲人患者年轻。50 岁以上人群临床 GCA 的年平均发病率为 14.7/10 万人（95%置信区间 [CI] 12.7-16.6）。SMR 为 1.18（95%CI 0.83-1.52）。
这是迄今为止关于新西兰 GCA 流行病学的最大研究。GCA 的发病率与在新西兰进行的其他研究相当，且似乎随时间保持稳定。GCA 在毛利人、太平洋岛民和亚裔人群中较为少见。
