Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 20;926:171796. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171796. Epub 2024 Mar 20.
Bioaerosol emissions and their associated risks are attracting increasing attention. Bioaerosols are generated during the pretreatment, fermentation, and screening of mature compost when processing various types of solid waste at composting plants (e.g., municipal sludge and animal manure). In this review, we summarize research into bioaerosols at different types of composting plants by focusing on the methods used for sampling bioaerosols, stages when emissions potentially occur, major components of bioaerosols, survival and diffusion factors, and possible control strategies. The six-stage Andersen impactor is the main method used for sampling bioaerosols in composting plants. In addition, different composting management methods mainly affect bioaerosol emissions from composting plants. Studies of the components of bioaerosols produced by composting plants mainly focused on bacteria and fungi, whereas few considered others such as endotoxin. The survival and diffusion of bioaerosols are influenced by seasonal effects due to changes in environmental factors, such as temperature and relative humidity. Finally, three potential strategies have been proposed for controlling bioaerosols in composting plants. Improved policies are required for regulating bioaerosol emissions, as well as bioaerosol concentration diffusion models and measures to protect human health.
生物气溶胶排放及其相关风险正日益受到关注。在堆肥厂处理各种类型的固体废物（例如城市污泥和动物粪便）时，在预处理、发酵和成熟堆肥筛选过程中会产生生物气溶胶。在本综述中，我们通过关注采样生物气溶胶的方法、排放潜在发生的阶段、生物气溶胶的主要成分、生存和扩散因素以及可能的控制策略，总结了不同类型堆肥厂的生物气溶胶研究。六级安德森撞击器是堆肥厂中采样生物气溶胶的主要方法。此外，不同的堆肥管理方法主要影响堆肥厂的生物气溶胶排放。对堆肥厂产生的生物气溶胶成分的研究主要集中在细菌和真菌上，而很少考虑其他成分，如内毒素。生物气溶胶的生存和扩散受环境因素（如温度和相对湿度）变化引起的季节性影响。最后，提出了三种控制堆肥厂生物气溶胶的潜在策略。需要改进政策来规范生物气溶胶排放，以及生物气溶胶浓度扩散模型和保护人类健康的措施。
