Department of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
Department of Radiology, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), Tianjin, 300134, China.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2024 Oct;33(10):3563-3570. doi: 10.1007/s00787-024-02416-8. Epub 2024 Mar 21.
Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is a common childhood disorder with abnormal sleep or arousal. The corpus callosum (CC) continues to develop into adulthood and plays an important role in sleep arousal. This study aimed to evaluate the microstructure of the CC in children with PNE. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices were extracted throughout the CC and its seven subregions were compared between the children with PNE and healthy children (HC). The correlation between abnormal DTI indices of the CC and cognitive condition was also tested. Compared to HC, decreased fiber number (NF) (F = 8.492, P = 0.032) and fractional anisotropy (FA) value (F = 8.442, P = 0.040) were found in the posterior midbody of the CC, increased RD was found in the posterior midbody (F = 6.888, P = 0.040) and isthmus (F = 7.967, P = 0.040) in children with PNE. The reduction of FA value was more obvious in boys than girls with PNE. In children with PNE, there was a significant positive correlation between the NF of the posterior midbody and full IQ (r = 0.322, P = 0.025) and between the FA value and the general knowledge memory (r = 0.293, P = 0.043). This study provides imaging evidence for abnormalities in the microstructure of the CC in children with PNE, especially in male PNE, which might affect the children's cognitive performance.
原发性夜间遗尿症（PNE）是一种常见的儿童期睡眠或觉醒障碍。胼胝体（CC）在成年期继续发育，在睡眠觉醒中起着重要作用。本研究旨在评估 PNE 患儿 CC 的微观结构。在整个 CC 中提取扩散张量成像（DTI）指数，并比较 PNE 患儿与健康儿童（HC）之间 CC 的七个亚区的 DTI 指数。还测试了 CC 的异常 DTI 指数与认知状况之间的相关性。与 HC 相比，PNE 患儿 CC 的后体中部纤维数量（NF）（F = 8.492，P = 0.032）和各向异性分数（FA）值（F = 8.442，P = 0.040）降低，后体中部（F = 6.888，P = 0.040）和峡部（F = 7.967，P = 0.040）的 RD 值增加。PNE 男孩的 FA 值降低比女孩更明显。在 PNE 患儿中，后体中部 FA 值与全智商（r = 0.322，P = 0.025）和一般知识记忆（r = 0.293，P = 0.043）呈显著正相关。本研究为 PNE 患儿 CC 微观结构异常提供了影像学证据，尤其是在男性 PNE 中，可能影响患儿的认知表现。
