Yang Ru, Liu Xuange, Liu Yong, Tian Qingda, Wang Ziwei, Zhu Dejie, Qian Zhisong, Yi Yi, Hu Jiacheng, Li Yan, Liang Xu-Fang, Liu Liwei, Su Jianmei
College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Friendship Avenue 368, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jun;50(3):1237-1249. doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01333-6. Epub 2024 Mar 22.
The dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonia are crucial to the growth of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). Information on the effects of DO and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) in regulating ammonia nitrogen excretion and flesh quality in Chinese perch is scanty. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dissolved DO at oxygen levels of 3 mg/L and 9 mg/L, as well as the TAN concentrations of 0.3 mg/L and 0.9 mg/L on ammonia excretion and flesh quality. Results showed that the ammonia contents in plasma, muscle, and liver of the 9 mg/L DO group were significantly higher than those of the 3 mg/L DO group (P < 0.05). However, the expression of AMPK-related signaling pathway genes (gdh, lkb1, and ampd) and flesh quality indicators (gumminess, chewiness, hardness) in the 9 mg/L DO group were significantly lower than those in the 3 mg/L DO group. Under long-term exposure to 0.9 mg/L TAN, the ammonia contents in plasma and gill filaments, as well as muscle flesh quality (resilience, gumminess, chewiness, cohesiveness), were significantly lower than those in the 0.3 mg/L TAN group (P < 0.05). However, the activities of GDH and AMPD enzymes in the 0.9 mg/L TAN group were significantly higher than those in the 0.3 mg/L TAN group. In summary, when fish are exposed to 3 mg/L DO and 0.9 mg/L TAN in the environment for a long time, their amino acids are used for transamination and deamination, resulting in insufficient energy supply for Chinese perch, whereas 9 mg/L DO and 0.9 mg/L TAN caused deterioration of the flesh quality.
溶解氧（DO）和氨对鳜鱼（Siniperca chuatsi）的生长至关重要。关于溶解氧和总氨氮（TAN）对鳜鱼氨氮排泄和肉质调节作用的信息较少。本研究旨在评估溶解氧水平为3 mg/L和9 mg/L以及总氨氮浓度为0.3 mg/L和0.9 mg/L对氨排泄和肉质的影响。结果表明，9 mg/L溶解氧组血浆、肌肉和肝脏中的氨含量显著高于3 mg/L溶解氧组（P < 0.05）。然而，9 mg/L溶解氧组中AMPK相关信号通路基因（gdh、lkb-1和ampd）的表达以及肉质指标（黏性、咀嚼性、硬度）显著低于3 mg/L溶解氧组。长期暴露于0.9 mg/L总氨氮下，血浆和鳃丝中的氨含量以及肌肉肉质（弹性、黏性、咀嚼性、内聚性）显著低于0.3 mg/L总氨氮组（P < 0.05）。然而，0.9 mg/L总氨氮组中GDH和AMPD酶的活性显著高于0.3 mg/L总氨氮组。综上所述，当鱼长期暴露于环境中3 mg/L溶解氧和0.9 mg/L总氨氮时，其氨基酸用于转氨作用和脱氨作用，导致鳜鱼能量供应不足，而9 mg/L溶解氧和0.9 mg/L总氨氮会导致肉质恶化。
