Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1996713883, Iran.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024 Mar 22;24(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06412-3.
Birthing parents need to use specialized skills as the first caregiver of the newborn. Several factors may affect performance. Yet there is a paucity of research in this area, and evidence remains inconsistent. Consequently, this study aimed to determine maternal performance after childbirth and its predictors.
This cross-sectional study was conducted with those (n = 450) who had given birth (< two months) and been referred for the vaccination of their newborn. The multi-stage sampling method was carried out from April 2022 to February 2023. Participants who met the inclusion criteria completed a demographic and obstetric information questionnaire, along with the childbirth experience 2 (CEQ2), Barkin maternal performance and maternal self-efficacy scales. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the predictive effect of the independent variables of childbirth experience, maternal self-efficacy, demographic and obstetric variables on the dependent variable of maternal performance.
The mean age of the participants was 26.78 and the mean total score of maternal performance was 91.04 (0-120). The highest and lowest scores related to the 'maternal competence' and the 'maternal needs' domains, with mean score calculated at 77.51 and 72.81 respectively. 'Childbirth experience' and 'maternal self-efficacy' domains had a statistically significant relationship with maternal performance (P < 0.05). Among the predictive factors of maternal performance, the results of our linear regression demonstrated the variables of birth experience (B = 0.63), maternal self-efficacy (B = 1.53), spouse's employment status (B = 5.78 for worker level, B = 3.99 for employee level), the number of previous childbirth experiences (B = -8.46), frequency of receiving antenatal care (B = -6.68), length of stay in the birth suite (B = -2.22) and length of stay in the hospital (B = 2.84) remained in the model. 53.2% of changes in maternal performance can be explained by these independent variables.
The promotion of evidence-based, person-centered, and respectful perinatal care during pregnancy and childbirth are of paramount importance. Strategies to improve the experience of childbirth and self-efficacy are especially required to improve maternal performance in the postpartum period. Prenatal care aimed at improving maternal function after childbirth will be important in achieving this overall.
新生儿的首要照护人——产妇需要掌握专业技能。有多种因素可能会影响产妇的表现。然而，这方面的研究还很匮乏，且证据也不一致。因此，本研究旨在确定产妇产后的表现及其预测因素。
本横断面研究纳入了在产后两个月内且新生儿已来接种疫苗的 450 名产妇。研究于 2022 年 4 月至 2023 年 2 月采用多阶段抽样法进行。符合纳入标准的参与者完成了人口统计学和产科信息问卷，以及分娩经历 2 量表（CEQ2）、Barkin 母亲表现量表和母亲自我效能感量表。采用多元线性回归分析了分娩经历、母亲自我效能感、人口统计学和产科变量等独立变量对母亲表现这一因变量的预测作用。
参与者的平均年龄为 26.78 岁，母亲表现的平均总分为 91.04 分（0-120 分）。“母亲能力”和“母亲需求”两个领域的得分最高和最低，分别为 77.51 分和 72.81 分。“分娩经历”和“母亲自我效能感”与母亲表现呈显著相关（P<0.05）。在母亲表现的预测因素中，线性回归结果显示，分娩经历（B=0.63）、母亲自我效能感（B=1.53）、配偶的就业状况（工人级别为 5.78，职员级别为 3.99）、既往分娩次数（B=-8.46）、产前检查次数（B=-6.68）、分娩套房停留时间（B=-2.22）和住院时间（B=2.84）等变量均进入模型。这些自变量可以解释母亲表现变化的 53.2%。
在妊娠和分娩期间，提供以证据为基础、以人为中心且尊重围产期护理至关重要。需要采取策略来改善分娩经历和自我效能感，以提高产妇产后的表现。旨在改善产妇产后功能的产前护理将在实现这一目标方面发挥重要作用。
