Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Sierrallana Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Sierrallana Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain.
Span J Psychiatry Ment Health. 2023 Jul-Sep;16(3):143-150. doi: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.11.008. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
Cognitive reserve (CR) has recently been considered a key factor in the onset of a first episode of psychosis (FEP). However, the differences in CR in FEP patients according to sex have not yet been investigated.
CR was estimated among 443 FEP patients (246 men and 197 women) and 156 healthy controls (96 men and 60 women) by using the proxies premorbid IQ, years of education and employment status. A neuropsychological battery was administrated to measure neurocognitive specific domains. Analyses of variance were used to make comparisons between groups.
FEP women had greater CR than FEP men. This circumstance was not observed in healthy controls. Among the group of patients with low CR, FEP women outperformed FEP men in the cognitive domains verbal memory and processing speed. Meanwhile, among the FEP patients with high CR, men showed better performance in attention than women.
Differences in CR observed between FEP men and women could be related to a number of specific factors, such as, age at illness onset, education level, and variability in performance in verbal memory, processing speed, and attention domains. These results provide background information about CR in FEP patients that will be useful in the design of sex specific cognitive remediation interventions.
认知储备（CR）最近被认为是首发精神病（FEP）发病的关键因素。然而，FEP 患者中 CR 因性别而异的情况尚未得到研究。
通过使用智商、受教育年限和就业状况等指标，对 443 名 FEP 患者（246 名男性和 197 名女性）和 156 名健康对照者（96 名男性和 60 名女性）进行了 CR 评估。使用神经心理学测试来测量特定的认知领域。采用方差分析比较组间差异。
FEP 女性的 CR 高于 FEP 男性。而在健康对照组中则没有观察到这种情况。在 CR 较低的患者组中，FEP 女性在言语记忆和处理速度认知领域的表现优于 FEP 男性。而在 CR 较高的 FEP 患者中，男性在注意力方面的表现优于女性。
FEP 男性和女性之间观察到的 CR 差异可能与一些特定因素有关，如发病年龄、教育水平以及言语记忆、处理速度和注意力领域表现的变异性。这些结果为 FEP 患者的 CR 提供了背景信息，这对于设计针对特定性别的认知矫正干预措施将非常有用。
