Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Lung. 2024 Apr;202(2):171-178. doi: 10.1007/s00408-024-00686-2. Epub 2024 Mar 23.
Diaphragm ultrasonography is used to identify causes of diaphragm dysfunction. However, its correlation with pulmonary function tests, including maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory pressures (MEP), remains unclear. This study investigated this relationship by measuring diaphragm thickness, thickening fraction (TF), and excursion (DE) using ultrasonography, and their relationship to MIP and MEP. It also examined the influence of age, sex, height, and BMI on these measures.
We recruited healthy Japanese volunteers and conducted pulmonary function tests and diaphragm ultrasonography in a seated position. Diaphragm ultrasonography was performed during quiet breathing (QB) and deep breathing (DB) to measure the diaphragm thickness, TF, and DE. A multivariate analysis was conducted, adjusting for age, sex, height, and BMI.
Between March 2022 and January 2023, 109 individuals (56 males) were included from three facilities. The mean (standard deviation) MIP and MEP [cmH2O] were 72.2 (24.6) and 96.9 (35.8), respectively. Thickness [mm] at the end of expiration was 1.7 (0.4), TF [%] was 50.0 (25.9) during QB and 110.7 (44.3) during DB, and DE [cm] was 1.7 (0.6) during QB and 4.4 (1.4) during DB. Multivariate analysis revealed that only DE (DB) had a statistically significant relationship with MIP and MEP (p = 0.021, p = 0.008). Sex, age, and BMI had a statistically significant influence on relationships between DE (DB) and MIP (p = 0.008, 0.048, and < 0.001, respectively).
In healthy adults, DE (DB) has a relationship with MIP and MEP. Sex, age, and BMI, but not height, are influencing factors on this relationship.
膈超声检查用于确定膈功能障碍的原因。然而，它与包括最大吸气（MIP）和呼气压力（MEP）在内的肺功能测试的相关性尚不清楚。本研究通过超声测量膈厚度、增厚分数（TF）和移动度（DE），并研究其与 MIP 和 MEP 的关系。还检查了年龄、性别、身高和 BMI 对这些指标的影响。
我们招募了健康的日本志愿者，在坐姿下进行肺功能测试和膈超声检查。膈超声检查在平静呼吸（QB）和深呼吸（DB）时进行，以测量膈厚度、TF 和 DE。进行了多元分析，调整了年龄、性别、身高和 BMI。
2022 年 3 月至 2023 年 1 月，从三个设施中纳入了 109 名个体（56 名男性）。MIP 和 MEP 的平均（标准差）[cmH2O]分别为 72.2（24.6）和 96.9（35.8）。呼气末厚度[mm]为 1.7（0.4），QB 时 TF [%]为 50.0（25.9），DB 时为 110.7（44.3），QB 时 DE [cm]为 1.7（0.6），DB 时为 4.4（1.4）。多元分析显示，仅 DE（DB）与 MIP 和 MEP 有统计学显著关系（p=0.021，p=0.008）。性别、年龄和 BMI 对 DE（DB）与 MIP 之间的关系有统计学显著影响（p=0.008、0.048 和<0.001）。
在健康成年人中，DE（DB）与 MIP 和 MEP 有关。性别、年龄和 BMI 是影响这种关系的因素，而不是身高。
