Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Fleury Medicina E Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Skeletal Radiol. 2024 Aug;53(8):1449-1464. doi: 10.1007/s00256-024-04659-7. Epub 2024 Mar 23.
Atraumatic muscle disorders comprise a very wide range of skeletal muscle diseases, including metabolic, inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, ischemic, and neoplastic involvement of the muscles. Therefore, one must take clinical and laboratory data into consideration to elucidate the differential diagnoses, as well as the distribution of the muscle compromise along the body-whether isolated or distributed along the body in a symmetric or asymmetrical fashion. Assessment of muscular disorders often requires imaging investigation before image-guided biopsy or more invasive procedures; therefore, radiologists should understand the advantages and limitations of imaging methods for proper lesion evaluation and be aware of the imaging features of such disorders, thus contributing to proper decision-making and good patient outcomes. In this review, we propose a systematic approach for the assessment of muscle disorders based on their main imaging presentation, dividing them into patterns that can be easily recognized.
非外伤性肌肉疾病包括非常广泛的骨骼肌疾病，包括代谢、炎症、自身免疫、感染、缺血和肌肉肿瘤性疾病。因此，必须结合临床和实验室数据来阐明鉴别诊断，以及肌肉损害的分布情况——是孤立的还是对称或不对称地分布在全身。肌肉疾病的评估通常需要在进行影像引导下活检或更具侵袭性的操作之前进行影像学检查；因此，放射科医生应该了解影像学方法的优缺点，以便对病变进行正确评估，并了解这些疾病的影像学特征，从而有助于做出正确的决策和取得良好的患者预后。在本综述中，我们根据肌肉疾病的主要影像学表现提出了一种系统的评估方法，将其分为易于识别的模式。
