National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology & Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China.
Hainan Institute for Food Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570314, China.
Microbiol Res. 2024 Jun;283:127694. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127694. Epub 2024 Mar 14.
Tomato fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is a highly destructive disease, resulting in severe economic losses of global tomato production annually. An eco-friendly alternative to chemical fungicide using biological control agents (BCAs) is urgently needed. Here, Bacillus siamensis QNMO-1 was isolated from Noli fruit and had a strong antagonistic activity against Fol in vitro and in vivo. Strain QNMO-1 also exhibited a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against the selected 14 phytopathogenic fungi. The crude protein produced by strain QNMO-1 could inhibit the spore germination of Fol and destroy the spore structure. It was closely related with the generation of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase secreted by strain QNMO-1. In a pot experiment, the application of B. siamensis QNMO-1 effectively alleviated the yellowing and wilting symptoms of tomato plants. The disease index and incidence rate were decreased by 72.72% and 80.96%, respectively. The rhizospheric soil in tomato plants owed a high abundance of microbial community. Moreover, strain QNMO-1 also enhanced the plant growth and improved the fruit quality of tomato. Therefore, B. siamensis QNMO-1 will be explored as a potential biocontrol agent and biofertilizer.
番茄枯萎病由尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici，Fol）引起，是一种极具破坏性的病害，每年导致全球番茄产量遭受严重的经济损失。因此，迫切需要使用生物防治剂（BCAs）替代化学杀菌剂。本研究从莲雾果实中分离到一株解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus siamensis）QNMO-1，该菌株对 Fol 在体外和体内均具有强烈的拮抗活性。此外，QNMO-1 菌株还对 14 种植物病原菌表现出广谱的抑菌活性。QNMO-1 菌株产生的粗蛋白能抑制 Fol 孢子的萌发，破坏孢子结构，这与菌株 QNMO-1 分泌的几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的产生密切相关。在盆栽试验中，B. siamensis QNMO-1 的应用能有效缓解番茄植株的黄化和萎蔫症状，病情指数和发病率分别降低了 72.72%和 80.96%。此外，番茄根际土壤中微生物群落的丰度较高。同时，QNMO-1 菌株还能促进番茄植株的生长，提高果实品质。因此，B. siamensis QNMO-1 有望被开发为一种有潜力的生防制剂和生物肥料。
