South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou 510655, China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou 510655, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou 510655, China.
J Contam Hydrol. 2024 Apr;263:104335. doi: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104335. Epub 2024 Mar 16.
Sediment microorganisms performed an essential function in the biogeochemical cycle of aquatic ecosystems, and their structural composition was closely related to environmental carrying capacity and water quality. In this study, the Chishui River (Renhuai section) was selected as the research area, and the concentrations of environmental factors in the water and sediment were detected. High⁃throughput sequencing was adopted to reveal the characteristics of bacterial community structures in the sediment. In addition, the response of bacteria to environmental factors was explored statistically. Meanwhile, the functional characteristics of bacterial were also analyzed based on the KEGG database. The results showed that the concentration of environmental factors in the water and sediment displayed spatial differences, with the overall trend of midstream > downstream > upstream, which was related to the wastewater discharge from the Moutai town in the midstream directly. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum in the sediment, with the relative abundance ranged from 52.06% to 70.53%. The distribution of genus-level bacteria with different metabolic activities varied in the sediment. Upstream was dominated by Massilia, Acinetobacter, and Thermomonas. In the midstream, Acinetobacter, Cloacibacterium and Comamonas were the main genus. Nevertheless, the abundance of Lysobacter, Arenimonas and Thermomonas was higher in the downstream. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were the main environmental factors which affected the structure of bacterial communities in sediment, while total organic carbon (TOC) was the secondary. The bacterial community was primarily associated with six biological pathway categories such as metabolism. Carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism were the most active functions in the 31 subfunctions. This study could contribute to the understanding of the structural composition and driving forces of bacteria in the sediment, which might benefit for the ecological protection of Chishui River.
沉积物微生物在水生生态系统的生物地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用，其结构组成与环境承载能力和水质密切相关。本研究选择赤水河（仁怀段）为研究区域，检测了水体和沉积物中环境因子的浓度。采用高通量测序技术揭示了沉积物中细菌群落结构的特征。此外，还统计分析了细菌对环境因子的响应。同时，还基于 KEGG 数据库分析了细菌的功能特性。结果表明，水体和沉积物中环境因子的浓度存在空间差异，整体趋势为中游>下游>上游，这与中游茅台镇的污水排放直接相关。在沉积物中，变形菌门是最主要的门，相对丰度为 52.06%~70.53%。具有不同代谢活性的属级细菌的分布在沉积物中存在差异。上游以马塞利亚菌属、不动杆菌属和嗜热单胞菌属为主。在中游，不动杆菌属、粪产碱杆菌属和食酸菌属是主要的属。然而，下游赖氨酸菌属、阿伦尼毛单胞菌属和嗜热单胞菌属的丰度较高。冗余分析（RDA）表明，总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）是影响沉积物中细菌群落结构的主要环境因素，而总有机碳（TOC）是次要因素。细菌群落主要与代谢等六个生物途径类别相关。在 31 个子功能中，碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢是最活跃的功能。本研究有助于了解沉积物中细菌的结构组成和驱动力，这可能有利于赤水河的生态保护。
