Wong Sarah Anne, Manon Victoria A, Young Simon, Viet Chi T
School of Medicine, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California San Francisco, 2550 23rd St., Bldg. 9, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.
Bernard and Gloria Pepper Katz Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Suite 6510, Houston, TX 77054 USA.
Curr Surg Rep. 2024;12(4):45-51. doi: 10.1007/s40137-024-00386-z. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) survival rates have remained stagnant due to a lack of targeted therapies and diagnostic tools. Patient risk is currently determined solely through clinicopathologic features, primarily tumor staging, which lacks the necessary precision to stratify patients by risk and accurately dictate adjuvant treatment. Similarly, conventional OSCC therapies have well-established toxicities and limited efficacy.
Recent studies show that patient risk can now be assessed using non-invasive techniques, at earlier time points, and with greater accuracy using molecular biomarker panels. Additionally, novel immunotherapies not only utilize the host's immune response to combat disease but also have the potential to form immunological memory to prevent future recurrence. Localized controlled-release formulas have further served to reduce toxicity and allow the de-escalation of other treatment modalities.
We review the latest advances in head and neck cancer diagnosis and treatment, including novel molecular biomarkers and immunotherapies.
由于缺乏靶向治疗和诊断工具，口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的生存率一直停滞不前。目前患者风险仅通过临床病理特征来确定，主要是肿瘤分期，而这缺乏按风险对患者进行分层并准确指导辅助治疗的必要精准度。同样，传统的OSCC治疗方法具有既定的毒性且疗效有限。
近期研究表明，现在可以使用非侵入性技术在更早的时间点，通过分子生物标志物面板更准确地评估患者风险。此外，新型免疫疗法不仅利用宿主的免疫反应来对抗疾病，还具有形成免疫记忆以预防未来复发的潜力。局部控释配方进一步有助于降低毒性，并允许减少其他治疗方式的强度。
我们综述了头颈癌诊断和治疗的最新进展，包括新型分子生物标志物和免疫疗法。
