Jeon Haeng Jun, Lee Woo Sik, Park Ji Eun, Hwang Ji Young, Kim Ji Won
CHA Fertility Center Gangnam, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2024 Jun;51(2):151-157. doi: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06107. Epub 2024 Mar 25.
People vaccinated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) mRNA vaccine have reported experiencing various adverse effects. For instance, reproductive-age women have presented with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding or menstrual cycle changes. We speculated that differences in basal sex hormone levels before and after vaccination may be present in women who experienced irregular bleeding or menstrual cycle changes; thus, this study aimed to investigate the differences in basal sex hormone levels of women before and after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
This retrospective study included patients who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines between January 2021 and February 2022 at a single center. In an outpatient setting, patients were queried regarding their menstrual cycle, the date of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, vaccination type, and vaccination side effects. Differences in basal hormone levels (menstrual cycle days 2-3, follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], and estradiol) before and after vaccination were compared.
Among the 326 patients, patients with no laboratory records of the hormones were excluded. The median time interval between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and the laboratory test day was 79 days (interquartile range, 44 to 127). A comparative analysis of these hormones before and after vaccination revealed no significant differences. Subgroup analyses based on age and reported adverse events also found no statistically significant differences.
This study showed no significant differences in basal hormone levels (FSH, LH, and estradiol) before and after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
接种2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19，即严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 [SARS-CoV-2]）mRNA疫苗的人群报告出现了各种不良反应。例如，育龄期女性出现了子宫异常出血或月经周期改变的主诉。我们推测，经历不规则出血或月经周期改变的女性在接种疫苗前后的基础性激素水平可能存在差异；因此，本研究旨在调查两剂SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种前后女性基础性激素水平的差异。
这项回顾性研究纳入了2021年1月至2022年2月在单一中心接种SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗的患者。在门诊环境中，询问患者的月经周期、SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种日期、疫苗类型和疫苗副作用。比较接种前后基础激素水平（月经周期第2 - 3天、促卵泡生成素 [FSH]、促黄体生成素 [LH] 和雌二醇）的差异。
326例患者中，排除了没有激素实验室记录的患者。SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种与实验室检测日之间的中位时间间隔为79天（四分位间距，44至127天）。接种前后这些激素的比较分析显示无显著差异。基于年龄和报告的不良事件的亚组分析也未发现统计学上的显著差异。
本研究表明，SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种前后基础激素水平（FSH、LH和雌二醇）无显著差异。
