Di Fusco Stefania Angela, Abrignani Maurizio Giuseppe, Amico Antonio Francesco, Lucà Fabiana, Mureddu Gian Francesco, Ceravolo Roberto, Temporelli Pier Luigi, Acerbo Vincenzo, Altamura Vito, Baccino Danilo, Binaghi Giulio, Bugani Giulia, Cesaro Arturo, Ciccirillo Francesco, Cocozza Sara, D'Errigo Paola, Di Martino Mirko, Di Nora Concetta, Fileti Luca, Lopriore Vincenzo, Maloberti Alessandro, Monitillo Francesco, Gulizia Michele Massimo, Grimaldi Massimo, Gabrielli Domenico, Oliva Fabrizio, Colivicchi Furio
U.O.C. Cardiologia Clinica e Riabilitativa, Presidio Ospedaliero San Filippo Neri - ASL Roma 1, Roma.
U.O. Cardiologia, P.O. P. Borsellino di Marsala, Asp Trapani, Trapani.
G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2024 Apr;25(4):239-251. doi: 10.1714/4244.42205.
Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease that can involve different arterial districts. Traditionally, the focus of cardiologists has been on the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD). However, atherosclerosis localization in other districts is increasingly common and is associated with an increased risk of CAD and, more generally, of adverse cardiovascular events. Although the term peripheral arterial disease (PAD) commonly refers to the localization of atherosclerotic disease in the arterial districts of the lower limbs, in this document, in accordance with the European Society of Cardiology guidelines, the term PAD will be used for all the locations of atherosclerotic disease excluding coronary and aortic ones. The aim of this review is to report updated data on PAD epidemiology, with particular attention to the prevalence and its prognostic impact on patients with CAD. Furthermore, the key points for an appropriate diagnostic framework and a correct pharmacological therapeutic approach are summarized, while surgical/interventional treatment goes beyond the scope of this review.
动脉粥样硬化是一种可累及不同动脉区域的全身性疾病。传统上，心脏病专家关注的重点一直是动脉粥样硬化性冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的诊断和治疗。然而，动脉粥样硬化在其他区域的定位越来越常见，并且与CAD风险增加相关，更普遍地说，与不良心血管事件风险增加相关。尽管术语“外周动脉疾病（PAD）”通常指下肢动脉区域的动脉粥样硬化疾病定位，但在本文件中，根据欧洲心脏病学会指南，术语“PAD”将用于除冠状动脉和主动脉之外的动脉粥样硬化疾病的所有部位。本综述的目的是报告PAD流行病学的最新数据，特别关注其患病率及其对CAD患者的预后影响。此外，总结了适当诊断框架和正确药物治疗方法的关键点，而手术/介入治疗超出了本综述的范围。
