Polyvalent Team of Research and Development (PTRD), Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000 Beni Mellal, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, 10000 Rabat, Morocco.
Glob Health Epidemiol Genom. 2024 Mar 18;2024:9570798. doi: 10.1155/2024/9570798. eCollection 2024.
Congenital malformations (CMs) are a group of structural or functional anomalies present at birth. These anomalies result in a high rate of mortality, morbidity, and disability in children. CMs are a major public health problem and place a heavy burden on healthcare systems in both developed and developing countries including Morocco, which has had a CMs surveillance system in place since 2011. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of CMs in Morocco.
In this study, the epidemiology of CMs in Morocco was assessed retrospectively using the national surveillance system data gathered from case notification forms from 2017 to 2021.
The main results showed that the prevalence of CMs in Morocco is 3.91/1000 live births (LBs), and the minimum annual prevalence of CMs was reached in 2017 (3.10/1000 LBs) while the maximum annual prevalence was recorded in 2018 (4.55/1000 LBs). The majority of CMs are unspecified CMs (68.55%), neural tube defects (NTDs) account for (21.13%), and orofacial clefts (OFCs) account for (10.32%). In addition, the majority of CMs (61.73%) were from rural areas. According to region, the Dakhla-Oued Eddahab region recorded the highest prevalence of CMs in Morocco, with 8.81/1000 LBs, while the lowest prevalence was recorded in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, with 2.02/1000 LB.
This study reveals that the national prevalence of CMs is high and may be underestimated, as most of the CMS reported is unspecified. The use of a CM registry with detailed reporting of all CMs and the promotion of preventive measures are urgently recommended.
先天性畸形（CMs）是一组出生时存在的结构或功能异常。这些异常导致儿童死亡率、发病率和残疾率居高不下。CMs 是一个主要的公共卫生问题，给包括摩洛哥在内的发达国家和发展中国家的医疗保健系统带来了沉重负担，摩洛哥自 2011 年以来就建立了 CMs 监测系统。本研究旨在确定摩洛哥 CMs 的流行率。
本研究使用 2017 年至 2021 年从病例报告表收集的国家监测系统数据，回顾性评估摩洛哥 CMs 的流行病学。
主要结果显示，摩洛哥 CMs 的流行率为 3.91/1000 活产儿（LB），CMs 的最小年度流行率出现在 2017 年（3.10/1000 LB），而最大年度流行率出现在 2018 年（4.55/1000 LB）。大多数 CMs 为未特指 CMs（68.55%），神经管缺陷（NTDs）占（21.13%），口面裂（OFCs）占（10.32%）。此外，大多数 CMs（61.73%）来自农村地区。按地区划分，达赫拉-沃勒德-艾达赫拉地区的 CMs 流行率最高，为 8.81/1000 LB，而拉巴特-塞勒-克尼特拉地区的流行率最低，为 2.02/1000 LB。
本研究表明，摩洛哥的全国性 CMs 流行率较高，可能被低估，因为报告的大多数 CMs 未特指。建议建立 CMs 登记处，详细报告所有 CMs，并推广预防措施。
