Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte Tunisia.
Embryo-foetopathology department, La Rabta Maternity and Neonatology Center, Tunis El Manar University, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia.
Tunis Med. 2024 Sep 5;102(9):543-550. doi: 10.62438/tunismed.v102i9.5090.
To identify the birth defects listed in the embryo-fetopathology department of the maternity and neonatology center of Tunis (Tunisia), and to study the epidemiological factors.
We carried out a retrospective study on 2489 malformed cases including fetuses, stillborns and deceased newborns among 5750 ones autopsied in the embryo-fetopathology department of the maternity and neonatology center of Tunis.
The sex ratio of autopsied cases was 1.06. 41% of them weighed less than 500 grams. The gestational age was between 22-28 weeks of amenorrhea in 41.3% of cases. Among the maternal characteristics, we noted an average maternal age of 30.1 years old (with extremes ranging from 16 to 51 years old), and a predominance of O blood group. Parental consanguinity and history of reproductive failure were found respectively in 37.4% and 32.5% of cases. Antenatal diagnosis was established in 62% of cases. It was positive in 59.5% of cases (all types of malformations combined). Among the 2489 malformed cases, 4568 birth defects were identified. Neurological anomalies were the most common (26.01%) followed by nephro-urological anomalies (13.16%) and cardiovascular anomalies (11.47%). During the study period, 164 cases of polymalformative syndromes were counted and 217 cases of chromosomal aberrations were classified.
This study allowed us to assess the frequency of birth defects, categorize them based on their type and determine the different epidemiological factors during a long period of nine years, even though our nation does not have a national register of birth defects. In Tunisia, it is important to carry out a national multicenter study in order to set a national register representing the real statistics of these anomalies.
鉴定突尼斯（突尼斯）妇产科学中心胚胎病理学系列出的出生缺陷，并研究其流行病学因素。
我们对在突尼斯妇产科学中心胚胎病理学系进行尸检的 5750 例胎儿、死胎和死亡新生儿中 2489 例畸形病例进行了回顾性研究。
尸检病例的性别比为 1.06。其中 41.3%的体重不足 500 克。41.3%的病例闭经 22-28 周。在母亲特征方面，我们注意到平均母亲年龄为 30.1 岁（极端值为 16-51 岁），O 血型居多。分别在 37.4%和 32.5%的病例中发现了父母近亲结婚和生殖失败史。62%的病例进行了产前诊断。59.5%的病例阳性（所有类型的畸形）。在 2489 例畸形病例中，发现 4568 种出生缺陷。神经系统异常最为常见（26.01%），其次是肾泌尿生殖系统异常（13.16%）和心血管异常（11.47%）。在研究期间，共发现 164 例多畸形综合征病例和 217 例染色体异常病例。
本研究评估了出生缺陷的频率，根据其类型对其进行分类，并确定了长达九年的不同流行病学因素，尽管我们的国家没有出生缺陷国家登记册。在突尼斯，重要的是要开展一项全国多中心研究，以便建立一个代表这些异常真实统计数据的国家登记册。
