Lee Jin-Woo, Park Jin Su, Jeon Hyesu, Lee Seungjin, Jeong Dahyun, Lee Changyeon, Kim Yun-Hi, Kim Bumjoon J
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Advanced Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 May 7;53(9):4674-4706. doi: 10.1039/d3cs00895a.
High power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability are essential prerequisites for the commercialization of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) are core materials that have led to recent, rapid increases in the PCEs of the PSCs. However, a critical limitation of the resulting PSCs is their poor long-term stability. Blend morphology degradation from rapid diffusion of SMAs with low glass transition temperatures (s) is considered the main cause of the poor long-term stability of the PSCs. The recent emergence of oligomerized SMAs (OSMAs), composed of two or more repeating SMA units (, dimerized and trimerized SMAs), has shown great promise in overcoming these challenges. This innovation in material design has enabled OSMA-based PSCs to reach impressive PCEs near 19% and exceptional long-term stability. In this review, we summarize the evolution of OSMAs, including their research background and recent progress in molecular design. In particular, we discuss the mechanisms for high PCE and stability of OSMA-based PSCs and suggest useful design guidelines for high-performance OSMAs. Furthermore, we reflect on the existing hurdles and future directions for OSMA materials towards achieving commercially viable PSCs with high PCEs and operational stabilities.
高功率转换效率（PCE）和长期稳定性是聚合物太阳能电池（PSC）商业化的基本前提条件。小分子受体（SMA）是导致近期PSC的PCE迅速提高的核心材料。然而，由此产生的PSC的一个关键限制是其长期稳定性较差。低玻璃化转变温度的SMA快速扩散导致的共混物形态降解被认为是PSC长期稳定性差的主要原因。由两个或更多重复SMA单元组成的低聚SMA（OSMA，即二聚化和三聚化SMA）的近期出现，在克服这些挑战方面显示出巨大潜力。这种材料设计上的创新使基于OSMA的PSC能够实现接近19%的令人印象深刻的PCE以及出色的长期稳定性。在本综述中，我们总结了OSMA的发展历程，包括其研究背景和分子设计的最新进展。特别地，我们讨论了基于OSMA的PSC实现高PCE和稳定性的机制，并提出了高性能OSMA的有用设计指南。此外，我们思考了OSMA材料在实现具有高PCE和运行稳定性的商业可行PSC方面存在的障碍和未来方向。
