Center for Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mycotoxin Res. 2024 May;40(2):309-318. doi: 10.1007/s12550-024-00531-8. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Aflatoxins are one of the major factors that affect the quality and safety of feeds. They can be transferred into livestock through contaminated feed and then onto humans via animal sources of food such as milk, meat, and eggs. The objective of this study was to detect and quantify the level of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2, and total aflatoxin) in dairy feeds, poultry (layer and broiler) feeds, and feed ingredients produced in Addis Ababa. A total of 42 feeds and feed ingredients consisting of dairy feeds (n = 5), poultry broiler feeds (n = 6), layer feeds (n = 6), and feed ingredients (n = 25) were collected from feed factories in the city and analyzed in fresh weigh basis. The aflatoxins were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography after clean-up with immunoaffinity columns. Aflatoxin B1 levels in feeds ranged from 51.66 to 370.51 µg/kg in dairy cattle feed, from 1.45 to 139.51 µg/kg in poultry layer feed, and from 16.49 to 148.86 µg/kg in broiler feed. Aflatoxin B1 levels in maize ranged from 2.64 to 46.74 µg/kg and in Niger seed cake from 110.93 to 438.86 µg/kg. Aflatoxin B1 levels in wheat bran, wheat middling, and soybean were below 5 µg/kg. 100% of dairy feeds, 67% of poultry layer, 67% of broiler feeds, and 24% of ingredients contained aflatoxin in levels higher than the maximum tolerable limit set by the US Food and Drug Administration and Ethiopian Standard Agency. This shows the need for strong regulatory monitoring and better feed management practices to prevent consumers of animal-source foods from significant health impacts associated with aflatoxins.
黄曲霉毒素是影响饲料质量和安全的主要因素之一。它们可以通过受污染的饲料转移到牲畜体内，然后通过动物源性食物（如牛奶、肉类和蛋类）进入人类体内。本研究的目的是检测和量化在亚的斯亚贝巴生产的奶制品饲料、家禽（蛋鸡和肉鸡）饲料和饲料成分中的黄曲霉毒素（B1、B2、G1、G2 和总黄曲霉毒素）水平。共采集了 42 种饲料和饲料成分，包括奶制品饲料（n=5）、家禽肉鸡饲料（n=6）、蛋鸡饲料（n=6）和饲料成分（n=25），这些饲料和饲料成分均来自该市的饲料厂，并以新鲜重量为基础进行分析。使用高效液相色谱法，通过免疫亲和柱净化后分析黄曲霉毒素。在奶牛饲料中，黄曲霉毒素 B1 的含量范围为 51.66 至 370.51 µg/kg，在蛋鸡饲料中为 1.45 至 139.51 µg/kg，在肉鸡饲料中为 16.49 至 148.86 µg/kg。玉米中的黄曲霉毒素 B1 含量范围为 2.64 至 46.74 µg/kg，而在尼日尔籽饼中的含量为 110.93 至 438.86 µg/kg。麦麸、麦心和大豆中的黄曲霉毒素 B1 含量低于 5 µg/kg。100%的奶制品饲料、67%的蛋鸡饲料、67%的肉鸡饲料和 24%的饲料成分中黄曲霉毒素含量高于美国食品和药物管理局和埃塞俄比亚标准局设定的最大允许限量。这表明需要加强监管监测和更好的饲料管理措施，以防止动物源性食品的消费者受到与黄曲霉毒素相关的重大健康影响。
