Yuan Yuan, Ma Qian, Zhang Xiangqian, Zhang Fan, Song Xiangning, Xin Hongchuan, Zhu Guiru, Zhang Hongzhe
State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, China.
National Registration Center for Chemicals, Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China, Qingdao, China.
Front Chem. 2024 Mar 12;12:1324840. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1324840. eCollection 2024.
In this work, the thermal stability of four types of 18,650 lithium-ion batteries with LiCoO (LCO), LiFePO (LFP), LiNiCoMnO (NCM811) and LiNiCoAlO (NCA) materials as cathodes are experimentally investigated by the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and the isothermal battery testing calorimeter (iso-BTC) under adiabatic and isothermal conditions, respectively. The thermal runaway danger level of these batteries can be ranked as LCO > NCA > NCM811 >> LFP by judging from the values of T and HR. The higher the nickel and cobalt content, the higher the lithium-ion battery capacity, but the worse the thermal stability. The Q of NCA is the largest in the complete standard charge and discharge process, due to that the capacity of NCA is significantly higher than that of the other three batteries, resulting in remarkable increase in Q proportioned to the square of the current. When the ambient temperature rises, the energy release decreases owing to the decrease in the internal resistance of the battery. These studies are expected to have important implications for the subsequent safe design of commercial lithium-ion batteries with different cathode materials.
在这项工作中，分别通过加速量热仪（ARC）和等温电池测试量热仪（iso-BTC）在绝热和等温条件下，对四种以LiCoO（LCO）、LiFePO（LFP）、LiNiCoMnO（NCM811）和LiNiCoAlO（NCA）材料为正极的18,650型锂离子电池的热稳定性进行了实验研究。通过T和HR的值判断，这些电池的热失控危险程度可排序为LCO > NCA > NCM811 >> LFP。镍和钴含量越高，锂离子电池容量越高，但热稳定性越差。在完整的标准充放电过程中，NCA的Q最大，这是因为NCA的容量明显高于其他三种电池，导致Q随电流平方显著增加。当环境温度升高时，由于电池内阻减小，能量释放减少。这些研究有望对后续不同正极材料商用锂离子电池的安全设计产生重要影响。
