Puente-Marin S, Cazorla D, Chico V, Coll J, Ortega-Villaizan M
Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández (IBMC-UMH), Elche, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE-UMH), Elche, Spain.
Aquaculture. 2023 Apr 15;568:739303. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739303.
Recent studies have reported on the importance of RBCs in fish responses to viral infections and DNA vaccines. Surface-displaying recombinant bacterins (spinycterins) are a safe and adaptable prototype for viral vaccination of fish and represent an alternative method of aquaculture prophylaxis, since have been reported to enhance fish immune response. We evaluated the innate immune response of rainbow trout () red blood cells (RBCs), head kidney, and spleen to spinycterins expressing a fragment of the glycoprotein G of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), one of the most devastating world-wide diseases in farmed salmonids. We first selected an immunorelevant downsized viral fragment of VHSV glycoprotein G (frg16). Then, spinycterins expressing frg16 fused to Nmistic anchor-motif (Nmistic+frg16) were compared to spinycterins expressing frg16 internally without the anchor motif. Nmistic+frg16 spinycterins showed increased attachment to RBCs and modulated the expression of interferon- and antigen presentation-related genes in RBCs and , after intravenous injection. In contrast, the head kidney and spleen of fish injected with frg16, but not Nmistic+frg16, spinycterins demonstrated upregulation of interferon and antigen-presenting genes. Intravenous injection of Nmistic+frg16 spinycterins resulted in a higher innate immune response in RBCs while frg16 spinycterins increased the immune response in head kidney and spleen. Although more studies are required to evaluate the practicality of using spinycterins as fish viral vaccines, these results highlight the important contribution of RBCs to the fish innate immune response to antiviral prophylactics.
最近的研究报道了红细胞在鱼类对病毒感染和DNA疫苗反应中的重要性。表面展示重组菌苗（棘突蛋白）是鱼类病毒疫苗接种的一种安全且适用的原型，并且代表了一种水产养殖预防的替代方法，因为据报道其可增强鱼类免疫反应。我们评估了虹鳟红细胞、头肾和脾脏对表达病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）糖蛋白G片段的棘突蛋白的先天免疫反应，VHSV是养殖鲑科鱼类中全球最具毁灭性的疾病之一。我们首先选择了VHSV糖蛋白G的一个免疫相关的小型化病毒片段（frg16）。然后，将表达与Nmistic锚定基序融合的frg16的棘突蛋白（Nmistic+frg16）与在内部表达无锚定基序的frg16的棘突蛋白进行比较。静脉注射后，Nmistic+frg16棘突蛋白显示出对红细胞的附着增加，并调节了红细胞和中干扰素及抗原呈递相关基因的表达。相比之下，注射frg16而非Nmistic+frg16棘突蛋白的鱼的头肾和脾脏中，干扰素和抗原呈递基因出现上调。静脉注射Nmistic+frg16棘突蛋白在红细胞中产生了更高的先天免疫反应，而frg16棘突蛋白则增加了头肾和脾脏中的免疫反应。尽管需要更多研究来评估使用棘突蛋白作为鱼类病毒疫苗的实用性，但这些结果突出了红细胞对鱼类对抗病毒预防措施的先天免疫反应的重要贡献。
