Al Mana Hassan, Abdel Hadi Hamad, Wilson Godwin, Almaslamani Muna A, Abu Jarir Sulieman H, Ibrahim Emad, Eltai Nahla O
Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
Communicable Diseases Centre, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Feb 21;13(3):203. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13030203.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global healthcare challenge with substantial morbidity, mortality, and management costs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a documented increase in antimicrobial consumption, particularly for severe and critical cases, as well as noticeable travel and social restriction measures that might influenced the spectrum of AMR. To evaluate the problem, retrospective data were collected on bacterial infections and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Qatar before and after the pandemic from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021, covering 53,183 pathogens isolated from reported infection episodes. The findings revealed a significant resistance pattern for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL-EBC), carbapenem-resistant (CR-EBC), and carbapenem-resistant (CRPA), ciprofloxacin-resistant and methicillin-resistant (MRSA). For correlation with social restrictions, ESBL-EBC and MRSA were positively correlated with changing patterns of international travel (ρ = 0.71 and 0.67, respectively; < 0.05), while CRPA was moderately correlated with the number of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (ρ = 0.49; < 0.05). CREBC and CRPA respiratory infections were associated with hospitalized patients (OR: 3.08 and 2.00, respectively; < 0.05). The findings emphasize the challenges experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic and links to international travel, which probably will influence the local epidemiology of AMR that needs further surveillance and control strategies.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是一项全球性的医疗保健挑战，会带来大量的发病、死亡和管理成本。在新冠疫情期间，有记录显示抗菌药物的使用有所增加，尤其是在重症和危重症病例中，同时还有明显的旅行和社会限制措施，这些措施可能影响了AMR的范围。为评估该问题，收集了卡塔尔在疫情前后（2019年1月1日至2021年12月31日）细菌感染及抗菌药物敏感性模式的回顾性数据，涵盖了从报告的感染事件中分离出的53183种病原体。研究结果显示，产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL-EBC）、耐碳青霉烯类（CR-EBC）、耐碳青霉烯类（CRPA）、耐环丙沙星和耐甲氧西林（MRSA）存在显著的耐药模式。为了与社会限制进行相关性分析，ESBL-EBC和MRSA与国际旅行模式的变化呈正相关（分别为ρ = 0.71和0.67；P < 0.05），而CRPA与新冠住院患者数量呈中度相关（ρ = 0.49；P < 0.05）。CREBC和CRPA呼吸道感染与住院患者有关（OR分别为3.08和2.00；P < 0.05）。研究结果强调了新冠疫情期间所面临的挑战以及与国际旅行的联系，这可能会影响AMR的当地流行病学，需要进一步的监测和控制策略。
