García-Cansino Laura, Marina María Luisa, García María Ángeles
Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Toxics. 2024 Feb 28;12(3):185. doi: 10.3390/toxics12030185.
Chiral analysis is a very relevant topic in environmental chemistry. This is due to the different properties of the stereoisomers of chiral compounds. In the case of agrochemicals, the desired activity, degradation rate, or toxicity, among other characteristics, may differ between stereoisomers, and the same is true for emerging contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Therefore, the development of chiral analytical methodologies enabling their determination in samples of environmental interest is paramount. Although other techniques have been widely employed to carry out chiral separations, such as HPLC, GC, and SFC, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has attracted a lot of attention in the field of chiral analysis due to its simplicity, flexibility, and low cost. In fact, chromatographic columns are not needed, and the consumption of reagents and samples is very low due to the small dimensions of the separation capillaries. This article reviews the characteristics of the chiral methodologies developed by CE for the stereoselective analysis of pesticides and emerging contaminants in environmental samples (water and soil), as well as pesticides in food samples and commercial agrochemical formulations. Applications of the developed CE methodologies in stability and toxicity studies of these chiral contaminants are also reviewed.
手性分析是环境化学中一个非常重要的课题。这是由于手性化合物的立体异构体具有不同的性质。就农用化学品而言，立体异构体之间在所需活性、降解速率或毒性等其他特性方面可能存在差异，新兴污染物如药品和化妆品也是如此。因此，开发能够在环境相关样品中测定它们的手性分析方法至关重要。尽管其他技术已被广泛用于进行手性分离，如高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、气相色谱法（GC）和超临界流体色谱法（SFC），但毛细管电泳（CE）因其简单、灵活和低成本而在手性分析领域引起了广泛关注。事实上，不需要色谱柱，并且由于分离毛细管尺寸小，试剂和样品的消耗量非常低。本文综述了毛细管电泳开发的手性方法用于环境样品（水和土壤）中农药和新兴污染物以及食品样品和商业农用化学品制剂中农药的立体选择性分析的特点。还综述了所开发的毛细管电泳方法在这些手性污染物稳定性和毒性研究中的应用。
