de Medeiros Rita de Cássia Araújo, Silva Tatiane Severo, Teófilo Taliane Maria da Silva, da Silva Francisca Daniele, Souza Matheus de Freitas, Passos Ana Beatriz Rocha de Jesus, Fernandes Bruno Caio Chaves, Lins Hamurábi Anizio, Chagas Paulo Sergio Fernandes das, Souza Carolina Malala Martins, Holanda Ioná Santos Araújo, Silva Daniel Valadão
Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Plant Science Center, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido-UFERSA, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, P.O. Box 137, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil.
Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1575 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Toxics. 2024 Mar 2;12(3):199. doi: 10.3390/toxics12030199.
The leaching of herbicides into the soil is essential to control germinating seeds and parts of vegetative weeds. However, herbicide transportation to deeper soil layers can result in groundwater contamination and, consequently, environmental issues. In this research, our objective was to investigate differences in herbicide leaching between commercial formulations and analytical standards using three different soils. Leaching experiments were carried out for diuron, hexazinone, and sulfometuron-methyl herbicides isolated and in binary and ternary mixtures. The herbicide residue quantification was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). Diuron had less mobility in soils and was retained in the most superficial layers. Hexazinone and sulfometuron-methyl were more mobile and leached into deeper layers. The leaching process was more intense for hexazinone and sulfometuron-methyl. The additives present in the commercial formulation favored the leaching in soils of diuron, hexazinone, and sulfometuron-methyl herbicides isolated and mixture compared to the analytical standard. This fact highlights the importance of considering these effects for the positioning of herbicides in the field to increase the efficiency of weed control and minimize the potential for environmental contamination.
除草剂渗入土壤对于控制种子萌发和营养性杂草的部分植株至关重要。然而，除草剂向土壤深层的迁移会导致地下水污染，进而引发环境问题。在本研究中，我们的目标是使用三种不同的土壤，研究商业制剂和分析标准品在除草剂淋溶方面的差异。对敌草隆、嗪草酮和甲磺隆除草剂单独以及二元和三元混合物进行了淋溶实验。通过超高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪（LC-MS/MS）进行除草剂残留定量分析。敌草隆在土壤中的迁移性较小，保留在最表层。嗪草酮和甲磺隆的迁移性更强，会淋溶到更深层。嗪草酮和甲磺隆的淋溶过程更为强烈。与分析标准品相比，商业制剂中存在的添加剂有利于敌草隆、嗪草酮和甲磺隆除草剂单独及混合时在土壤中的淋溶。这一事实凸显了在田间定位除草剂时考虑这些影响对于提高杂草控制效率和最大限度减少环境污染可能性的重要性。
