Shue Sarah, Matthias Marianne S, Watson Dennis P, Miller Kristine K, Munk Niki
Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
William M. Tierney Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Mil Psychol. 2021 Sep 9;33(6):359-371. doi: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1962175. eCollection 2021.
Transitioning out of a military career can be difficult and stressful for Veterans. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the challenges and needs of career transitioning Veterans. Fifteen United States Veterans from a larger mixed methods research project completed a qualitative semi-structured interview regarding their career transition. Interview questions invited participants to define their transition experience, identify influential psychosocial factors, resources utilized or needed, what it meant to transition out of the military, role changes experienced, and how the participant had adapted to the transition. Emergent thematic analysis revealed 4 themes: 1) it is necessary to actively prepare for the transition; 2) a variety of factors impacted the military career transition process; 3) transitioning out of a military career equated to the loss of structure; and 4) the transition required Veterans to establish themselves outside of the military. Findings from this study identified barriers, desired assistance, and facilitators to the career transition process, which should be considered by those assisting transitioning Veterans and when developing transition-related resources. Continuing to expand on this knowledge will positively impact service members as they exit their military career.
对于退伍军人来说，从军事生涯过渡出来可能会困难重重且压力巨大。本研究的目的是深入了解职业转型退伍军人所面临的挑战和需求。来自一个更大的混合方法研究项目的15名美国退伍军人就他们的职业转型完成了一次定性的半结构化访谈。访谈问题邀请参与者定义他们的转型经历，识别有影响力的心理社会因素、所利用或需要的资源、从军队过渡出来意味着什么、经历的角色变化，以及参与者是如何适应转型的。新出现的主题分析揭示了4个主题：1）有必要为转型积极做好准备；2）多种因素影响了军事职业转型过程；3）从军事生涯过渡出来等同于失去了原有架构；4）转型要求退伍军人在军队之外重新立足。本研究的结果确定了职业转型过程中的障碍、期望得到的帮助以及促进因素，协助退伍军人转型的人员以及在开发与转型相关的资源时应考虑这些因素。不断拓展这方面的知识将对即将结束军事生涯的军人产生积极影响。
