Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Santa Cruz, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 27;19(3):e0300062. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300062. eCollection 2024.
Adolescent childbirth is associated with worse physical function over the long-term. Differential loss of muscle strength during pregnancy and postpartum for adolescents compared to adults may be one explanation for this, but research examining these differences is lacking. The objective of this study as to assess hand grip strength and hip adduction muscle strength in adolescents and adults during pregnancy and postpartum. A prospective cohort study was carried out with adolescent (13 to 18 years) and adult (23 to 28 years) primigravid women. Assessments were performed at three timepoints: before the 16th gestational week, during the third trimester, and between the fourth and sixth week postpartum. Hand grip strength (continuous and muscle weakness if ≤ 20.67 kgf) and hip adductor measures (continuous and muscle weakness if ≤ 13.8 kgf) were assessed using dynamometry. Generalized estimating equations modelled longitudinal relationships between muscle weakness and age group. More adolescents had hip adductor weakness than adults in the third trimester of pregnancy (62.5% vs. 31.8%, p < 0.005), which was corroborated by the longitudinal analyses. For all women, there were higher odds of hip adductor weakness in the third trimester (OR = 4.35; p< 0.001) and postpartum (OR = 9.45; p < 0.001) compared to the 16th gestational week. No significant difference in HGS was observed between age groups or across the different timepoints. The higher proportion of hip adductor weakness among adolescents may indicate a need for resistance training during and after pregnancy and physical therapy if weakness or injury is noted.
青少年生育与长期身体功能较差有关。青少年在怀孕期间和产后肌肉力量的差异可能是导致这种情况的原因之一，但目前缺乏研究这些差异的研究。本研究旨在评估青少年和成年初产妇在怀孕期间和产后的手握力和髋关节内收肌力量。进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入了青少年（13 至 18 岁）和成年（23 至 28 岁）初产妇。在三个时间点进行评估：妊娠第 16 周前、孕晚期和产后第 4 至 6 周。使用测力计评估手握力（连续和肌肉无力，如果≤20.67kgf）和髋关节内收肌测量值（连续和肌肉无力，如果≤13.8kgf）。广义估计方程模型了肌肉无力与年龄组之间的纵向关系。在妊娠晚期，更多的青少年出现髋关节内收肌无力，而不是成年人（62.5%比 31.8%，p<0.005），纵向分析也证实了这一点。对于所有女性，与妊娠第 16 周相比，在孕晚期（OR=4.35；p<0.001）和产后（OR=9.45；p<0.001）出现髋关节内收肌无力的可能性更高。在不同时间点，年龄组之间或 HGS 均无显著差异。青少年髋关节内收肌无力的比例较高，可能表明在怀孕期间和之后需要进行阻力训练，如果出现肌无力或损伤，还需要进行物理治疗。
