Oishi Yuka, Aruga Kaede, Kurita Kohei
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Graduate School Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan.
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 950-3198, Japan.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2024 May;245:104237. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104237. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Developmental prosopagnosia (DP) is a condition that indicates the inability to recognize individuals by their faces from birth, without any history of brain damage. The assessment of face recognition ability and diagnosis of DP involve the use of face tests such as the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) and the Cambridge Face Perception Test, along with self-reported measures like the 20-Item Prosopagnosia Index (PI20). Face recognition accuracy is affected by anxiety. However, previous studies on the relationship between face recognition ability and anxiety have not used the PI20 measure. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-reported measures of face recognition ability and anxiety tendencies among healthy young individuals for DP diagnosis and its implications. We used a face recognition test, involving the PI20, CFMT, Visual Perception Test for Agnosia-Famous Face Test (VPTA-FFT), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). We assessed the performance of 116 Japanese young adults (75 females, median age of 20.7 years, with a standard deviation of 1.2). Subsequently, we conducted a statistical analysis to examine the relationship between the outcomes of the face recognition tests and STAI scores using Pearson correlation analysis and single correlation coefficients. The results showed a positive correlation between state anxiety and PI20 (r = 0.308, p = 0.007), and a weak positive correlation was also observed between trait anxiety and PI20 (r = 0.268, p = 0.04). In contrast, there was no correlation between CFMT and VPTA-FFT with respect to STAI. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis also suggested that the correlation between the performance on the PI20 (self-report) and objective measures of face recognition performance (the CFMT and the VPTA-FFT) are driven by differences in anxiety. This study is the first to explore the relationship between face recognition abilities and anxiety using the PI20 self-report measure. There are implications for future research on the diagnosis of DP and the relationship between anxiety and face recognition.
发展性面孔失认症（DP）是一种表明从出生起就无法通过面部识别个体，且无任何脑损伤病史的病症。对面孔识别能力的评估和DP的诊断涉及使用诸如剑桥面孔记忆测试（CFMT）和剑桥面孔感知测试等面孔测试，以及像20项面孔失认症指数（PI20）这样的自我报告测量方法。面孔识别准确性会受到焦虑的影响。然而，先前关于面孔识别能力与焦虑之间关系的研究并未使用PI20测量方法。本研究旨在调查健康年轻个体中自我报告的面孔识别能力测量与焦虑倾向之间的关系，以用于DP诊断及其意义。我们使用了一项面孔识别测试，包括PI20、CFMT、失认症视觉感知测试 - 名人面孔测试（VPTA - FFT）和状态 - 特质焦虑量表（STAI）。我们评估了116名日本年轻成年人（75名女性，年龄中位数为20.7岁，标准差为1.2）的表现。随后，我们进行了统计分析，使用Pearson相关分析和单相关系数来检验面孔识别测试结果与STAI分数之间的关系。结果显示状态焦虑与PI20之间存在正相关（r = 0.308，p = 0.007），特质焦虑与PI20之间也观察到微弱的正相关（r = 0.268，p = 0.04）。相比之下，CFMT和VPTA - FFT与STAI之间没有相关性。分层多元回归分析的结果还表明，PI20（自我报告）表现与面孔识别表现的客观测量（CFMT和VPTA - FFT）之间的相关性是由焦虑差异驱动的。本研究首次使用PI20自我报告测量方法探索面孔识别能力与焦虑之间的关系。这对未来DP诊断以及焦虑与面孔识别之间关系的研究具有启示意义。
