Gray Katie L H, Bird Geoffrey, Cook Richard
School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences , University of Reading , Reading , UK.
Experimental Psychology Department, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 Mar 1;4(3):160923. doi: 10.1098/rsos.160923. eCollection 2017 Mar.
Developmental prosopagnosia (DP) is a neurodevelopmental condition, characterized by lifelong face recognition deficits. Leading research groups diagnose the condition using complementary computer-based tasks and self-report measures. In an attempt to standardize the reporting of self-report evidence, we recently developed the 20-item prosopagnosia index (PI20), a short questionnaire measure of prosopagnosic traits suitable for screening adult samples for DP. Strong correlations between scores on the PI20 and performance on the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) appeared to confirm that individuals possess sufficient insight into their face recognition ability to complete a self-report measure of prosopagnosic traits. However, the extent to which people have insight into their face recognition abilities remains contentious. A lingering concern is that feedback from formal testing, received prior to administration of the PI20, may have augmented the self-insight of some respondents in the original validation study. To determine whether the significant correlation with the CFMT was an artefact of previously delivered feedback, we sought to replicate the validation study in individuals with no history of formal testing. We report highly significant correlations in two independent samples drawn from the general population, confirming: (i) that a significant relationship exists between PI20 scores and performance on the CFMT, and (ii) that this is not dependent on the inclusion of individuals who have previously received feedback. These findings support the view that people have sufficient insight into their face recognition abilities to complete a self-report measure of prosopagnosic traits.
发展性面孔失认症（DP）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是终身存在面孔识别缺陷。主要研究团队使用基于计算机的补充任务和自我报告测量方法来诊断这种疾病。为了规范自我报告证据的报告方式，我们最近开发了20项面孔失认症指数（PI20），这是一种简短的问卷测量方法，用于筛查成年样本中的DP面孔失认特征。PI20得分与剑桥面孔记忆测试（CFMT）表现之间的强相关性似乎证实，个体对自己的面孔识别能力有足够的洞察力，能够完成对面孔失认特征的自我报告测量。然而，人们对面孔识别能力的洞察程度仍然存在争议。一个长期存在的担忧是，在实施PI20之前收到的正式测试反馈可能增强了原始验证研究中一些受访者的自我洞察力。为了确定与CFMT的显著相关性是否是先前提供反馈的人为结果，我们试图在没有正式测试历史的个体中重复验证研究。我们报告了从普通人群中抽取的两个独立样本中的高度显著相关性，证实了：（i）PI20得分与CFMT表现之间存在显著关系，以及（ii）这并不依赖于纳入先前接受过反馈的个体。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即人们对自己的面孔识别能力有足够的洞察力，能够完成对面孔失认特征的自我报告测量。
