Freysteinson Wyona M, Yeatts Paul, Keele Becky, Omondi Harriet
Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX, USA
Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA.
J Nurs Meas. 2025 Apr 23;33(1):113-121. doi: 10.1891/JNM-2023-0090.
Mirror viewing is a central concept in body image, as many feelings and thoughts about one's body originate in the mirror. The Mirror Image Comfort and Avoidance Scale (MICAS) is a self-reported instrument to assess the experiential aspects of mirror viewing. The development of this instrument is grounded in the nursing mid-range Neurocognitive Mirror Comfort and Avoidance theory. This study aimed to validate the MICAS in a general population, explore its subscales, and note demographic differences. Waltz, Strickland, and Lenz's instrument validation framework guided the process. A survey website was used to recruit adult participants ( = 205). Convergent validation was established by assessing the relationships between mirror comfort and avoidance scores and measures of anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, and body appreciation. Validity was obtained, and the subscales were reliable. Coefficient α score was satisfactory for comfort at .90 and avoidance at .92. Significant associations were found between mirror comfort and avoidance and all psychological variables, indicating that mirror comfort and avoidance play a role in body image and overall well-being. MICAS is a nurse-developed instrument designed for research purposes to enhance our understanding of mirror viewing and formulate supportive nursing interventions to improve the mirror viewing experience.
镜像观察是身体意象中的一个核心概念，因为许多关于自身身体的感受和想法都源于镜子。镜像舒适与回避量表（MICAS）是一种自我报告工具，用于评估镜像观察的体验方面。该工具的开发基于护理中程神经认知镜像舒适与回避理论。本研究旨在验证MICAS在普通人群中的有效性，探索其分量表，并指出人口统计学差异。华尔兹、斯特里克兰和伦茨的工具验证框架指导了这一过程。通过一个调查网站招募了成年参与者（n = 205）。通过评估镜像舒适与回避得分与焦虑、抑郁、压力、自尊和身体欣赏测量之间的关系来建立收敛效度。获得了效度，且分量表具有可靠性。舒适分量表的α系数得分为0.90，回避分量表为0.92，令人满意。在镜像舒适与回避和所有心理变量之间发现了显著关联，表明镜像舒适与回避在身体意象和整体幸福感中发挥作用。MICAS是一种由护士开发的工具，专为研究目的而设计，以增进我们对镜像观察的理解，并制定支持性护理干预措施以改善镜像观察体验。
