Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), CNR - National Research Council of Italy, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DISAA), University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 27;14(1):7300. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57589-8.
Mutations affecting flower shape in many plants have been favored by human selection, and various fruit trees are also grown for ornamental purposes. Mei (Prunus mume) is a dual purpose tree originated in China well known in the Western world for its generous early blooms, often bearing double flowers. Building on the knowledge of its genomic location, a candidate gene approach was used to identify a 49 bp deletion encompassing the miR172 target site of the euAP2 gene pmTOE (PmuVar_Ch1_3490) as a prime variant linked to flower doubleness. Searching within a large dataset of genome sequencing data from Eastern germplasm collections demonstrated a tight variant-trait association, further confirmed in a panel of commercial and non-commercial varieties available in Italy. Moreover, two SNP mutations in the miR172 target site of pmPET (PmuVar_Ch1_1333) were identified in some double flower accessions. The mei orthologue of PETALOSA genes already found responsible for the phenotype in other plants suggests that independent variants may have been selected throughout mei domestication history.
影响许多植物花型的突变受到了人类选择的青睐，各种果树也被种植用于观赏目的。梅花（Prunus mume）是一种原产于中国的两用树种，因其早春盛开、常开重瓣花而在西方世界闻名。利用其基因组位置的知识，采用候选基因方法鉴定出一个 49bp 的缺失，该缺失包含 euAP2 基因 pmTOE（PmuVar_Ch1_3490）的 miR172 靶位点，该基因是与花重瓣性相关的主要变异。在来自东方种质资源收集的大规模基因组测序数据集中进行搜索，显示出紧密的变异-性状关联，在意大利可用的商业和非商业品种的小组中进一步得到证实。此外，在一些重瓣花品系中鉴定到 pmPET（PmuVar_Ch1_1333）的 miR172 靶位点的两个 SNP 突变。已经在其他植物中发现负责表型的 PETALOSA 基因的 mei 同源物表明，在 mei 驯化历史中可能已经选择了独立的变异。
