Chavda Vishal, Yadav Dhananjay, Patel Snehal, Song Minseok
Pharmacology Research Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India.
Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Brain Sci. 2024 Mar 15;14(3):284. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14030284.
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition associated with high levels of blood glucose which leads to serious damage to the heart, kidney, eyes, and nerves. Elevated blood glucose levels damage brain function and cognitive abilities. They also lead to various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including chronic neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. High neuronal glucose levels can cause drastic neuronal damage due to glucose neurotoxicity. Astrocytes, a type of glial cell, play a vital role in maintaining brain glucose levels through neuron-astrocyte coupling. Hyperglycemia leads to progressive decline in neuronal networks and cognitive impairment, contributing to neuronal dysfunction and fostering a neurodegenerative environment. In this review, we summarize the various connections, functions, and impairments of glial cells due to metabolic dysfunction in the diabetic brain. We also summarize the effects of hyperglycemia on various neuronal functions in the diabetic brain.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，与高水平血糖相关，会导致心脏、肾脏、眼睛和神经严重受损。血糖水平升高会损害脑功能和认知能力。它们还会导致各种神经和神经精神疾病，包括慢性神经退行性变和认知衰退。高神经元葡萄糖水平可因葡萄糖神经毒性导致严重的神经元损伤。星形胶质细胞是一种神经胶质细胞，通过神经元 - 星形胶质细胞耦合在维持脑葡萄糖水平方面发挥着至关重要的作用。高血糖会导致神经网络逐渐衰退和认知障碍，导致神经元功能障碍并营造神经退行性环境。在本综述中，我们总结了糖尿病脑代谢功能障碍导致的神经胶质细胞的各种联系、功能和损伤。我们还总结了高血糖对糖尿病脑各种神经元功能的影响。
