The Association of M235T Genetic Polymorphism in Gene and Other Non-Genetic Factors with Essential Hypertension among Jordanian Patients.

BACKGROUND

Hypertension, characterized by elevated pressure, poses a significant health risk. Recent studies in Jordan highlight high hypertension rates, emphasizing the need for genetic investigations to comprehend essential hypertension determinants. The gene, part of the Renin Angiotensin System, is linked to blood pressure regulation. Limited information exists on the frequency of this polymorphism among Jordanian hypertensive patients.

AIMS

This study explores the association between the polymorphism and essential hypertension in Jordan.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study with 435 participants (199 hypertensive, 236 non-hypertensive) was conducted at the University of Jordan Hospital. Blood pressure was measured, and genetic analysis of the polymorphism was completed using the PCR-RFLP technique. Chi-square and -tests were used for comparisons using SPSS software.

RESULTS

Hypertensive patients exhibited significantly higher weight, BMI, and blood pressure. Genotyping results showed no significant difference ( > 0.05, ) in polymorphism distribution between control and patient groups. In addition, allele frequencies showed comparable patterns ( > 0.05, ). All genotype frequencies showed no deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equation ( > 0.05, ).

CONCLUSIONS

The genetic polymorphism is not more prevalent among hypertensive patients in Jordan, although the average weight and BMI among hypertensive patients is higher than the non-hypertensive participants. Obesity can be addressed as a potential risk factor for essential hypertension in Jordan. In addition, it is recommended to find out the influence of the genetic polymorphism on the response of antihypertensive drugs among hypertensive patients in Jordan.