Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Molecules. 2024 Mar 20;29(6):1377. doi: 10.3390/molecules29061377.
Phytochemicals from waste materials generated by agricultural and industrial processes have become globally significant due to their accessibility and potential effectiveness with few side effects. These compounds have essential implications in both medicine and the economy. Therefore, a quantitative analysis of the phytochemical profile, sugar types, and water-soluble vitamins of dried L."DJMS" extract (dried Jew's mallow stem) was carried out with HPLC. In addition, the chemical composition, TPC, chlorophyll a and b, beta-carotene, and antioxidant effect using DPPH were investigated. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of the DJMS was evaluated by SRB assay using Huh-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. In the quantitative study, DJMS extract showed a high antioxidant potential (67%) due to its content of bioactive compounds such as TPC (276.37 mg 100 g) and chlorophyll a and b (20.31, 12.02 mg 100 g, respectively), as well as some vitamins and minerals such as B-complex (B12; 146.8 mg 100 g and vitamin C 6.49 mg 100 g) and selenium (<0.2 μg kg). Moreover, the main sugar types found were sucrose and stachyose, which recorded 9.23 and 6.25 mg 100 g, respectively. Identifying phenolic and flavonoids showed that the major components were ellagic acid (4905.26 μg kg), ferulic acid (3628.29 μg kg), chlorogenic acid (3757.08 μg kg), luteolin-7--glucoside (4314.48 μg kg), naringin (4296.94 μg kg) and apigenin-6-rhamnose-8 glucoside (3078.87 μg kg). The dried stem extract showed significant MDA-MB-231 inhibition activity and reached 80% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL of DJMS extract, related to the content of phytochemical components such as isoflavones like genistein (34.96 μg kg), which had a tremendous anticancer effect. Hence, the stem of Jew's mallow (which is edible and characterized by its viability and low production cost) possesses the capacity to serve as a pharmaceutical agent for combating cancer owing to its abundance of bioactive components.
由于其易得性和潜在有效性（副作用较少），农业和工业过程产生的废物中的植物化学物质已在全球范围内变得非常重要。这些化合物在医学和经济方面都有重要意义。因此，采用 HPLC 对干燥的 L."DJMS"提取物（干锦葵茎）的植物化学谱、糖类型和水溶性维生素进行了定量分析。此外，还研究了 DJMS 的化学成分、总酚含量、叶绿素 a 和 b、β-胡萝卜素和 DPPH 的抗氧化作用。此外，还通过 Huh-7 和 MDA-MB-231 细胞系的 SRB 测定评估了 DJMS 的抗癌活性。在定量研究中，由于 DJMS 提取物中含有生物活性化合物，如总酚含量（276.37 mg 100 g）、叶绿素 a 和 b（分别为 20.31、12.02 mg 100 g）以及一些维生素和矿物质，如 B 复合物（B12；146.8 mg 100 g 和维生素 C 6.49 mg 100 g）和硒（<0.2 μg kg），因此具有较高的抗氧化潜力（67%）。此外，发现的主要糖类型是蔗糖和棉子糖，分别为 9.23 和 6.25 mg 100 g。鉴定酚类和类黄酮表明，主要成分是鞣花酸（4905.26 μg kg）、阿魏酸（3628.29 μg kg）、绿原酸（3757.08 μg kg）、芦丁-7--葡萄糖苷（4314.48 μg kg）、柚皮苷（4296.94 μg kg）和芹菜素-6--鼠李糖苷（3078.87 μg kg）。干茎提取物对 MDA-MB-231 抑制活性显著，在 1000 μg/mL DJMS 提取物浓度下达到 80%，与植物化学物质成分如染料木黄酮（genistein）的含量有关，染料木黄酮具有巨大的抗癌作用（34.96 μg kg）。因此，锦葵（锦葵）的茎（可食用，具有生存能力和低成本的特点）由于其丰富的生物活性成分，具有作为抗癌药物的潜力。
