Chisale Master R O, Kambalame Dzinkambani, Mwale Saul Eric, Mbakaya Balwani Chingatichifwe, Mankhamba Regina, Kumwenda Pizga, Chilima Ben, Mitambo Collins, Chiwaula Mavuto, Nyambalo Billy, Sambani Clara, Gondwe Jellita, Muwalo Charity, Dembo Amon, Chinyamunyamu Lines, Thomas Mavuto, Kagoli Matthews, Banda Evelyn Chitsa
Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Technology and Innovations, Mzuzu University, Luwinga, Mzuzu Private Bag 201, Malawi.
Public Health Institute of Malawi, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe 00265, Malawi.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Feb 20;12(3):221. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12030221.
Vaccination is one of the essential measures in reducing transmission, morbidity, and mortality rates of a disease. However, the COVID-19 vaccination is facing hesitancy across the globe, Malawi included. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Malawi to document knowledge, attitudes, and practices on COVID-19 vaccination. The study targeted the general adult population and employed a multi-stage sampling technique. The Census Enumeration Areas within the 16 selected districts served as a primary sampling unit. Among the total 3068 participants, 1947 (63.6%) were female. About 1039 (34.1%) participants had primary education, while only 169 (5.5%) had college education. A total of 2936 (95.7%) participants knew about the COVID-19 vaccine, and 2063 (68.4%) felt that the COVID-19 vaccine was effective. A total of 1180 (38.7%) got vaccinated. Knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccination was significantly associated with participants' education levels, location, occupation, marital status, household family income, and whether they were suffering from chronic illness or not. Overall, the level of knowledge and attitudes about the COVID-19 vaccination was good. This study has also established that different population groups have statistically different levels of knowledge and attitudes regarding COVID-19 vaccination. This study has also indicated a significant relationship between the rate of vaccination and several factors. Therefore, this calls for stakeholders to continue awareness and group-targeted tailored campaigns so as to increase COVID-19 vaccination.
疫苗接种是降低疾病传播率、发病率和死亡率的重要措施之一。然而，包括马拉维在内，全球范围内的新冠疫苗接种都面临着犹豫情绪。在马拉维开展了一项基于人群的横断面研究，以记录关于新冠疫苗接种的知识、态度和做法。该研究针对一般成年人群，采用多阶段抽样技术。16个选定地区内的人口普查枚举区作为主要抽样单位。在总共3068名参与者中，1947名（63.6%）为女性。约1039名（34.1%）参与者接受过小学教育，而只有169名（5.5%）拥有大学学历。共有2936名（95.7%）参与者了解新冠疫苗，2063名（68.4%）认为新冠疫苗有效。共有1180名（38.7%）接种了疫苗。对新冠疫苗接种的了解与参与者的教育水平、地点、职业、婚姻状况、家庭收入以及是否患有慢性病显著相关。总体而言，对新冠疫苗接种的知识和态度水平良好。这项研究还表明，不同人群在新冠疫苗接种方面的知识和态度水平在统计学上存在差异。这项研究还表明了疫苗接种率与几个因素之间存在显著关系。因此，这就要求利益相关者继续开展提高认识和针对特定群体的定制宣传活动，以提高新冠疫苗接种率。
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