Wu Lianhua, Zhang Yiping, Hou Tianliang, Liu Kaixin, Miao Yusong, Li Jie, Zhao Xin, Zhang Mei
Mining College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Guizhou Polytechnic of Construction, Guiyang, 551400, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 28;14(1):7394. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57957-4.
For shaped charge blasting projects in mining, civil engineering, and similar fields, it is proposed to modify the charge structure by combining slotted tubes and shaped charge liners to obtain a new type of charge structure. This aims to achieve directional rock breaking through the focused action of the shaped charge. The influence of different slotted pipe materials on the directional rock-breaking effect of concentrated energy using a new charge structure is explored through theoretical analysis combined with model test study, high-speed camera, stress-strain gauge, and other equipment. A comparison is made between slotted pipes made of aluminum, kraft paper, and PVC, with the cutting width of 2 mm. Based on the characteristics of the cracks formed after blasting, the new charge structure made of aluminum slotted pipe produces a penetrating crack that is almost consistent with the pre-cracking direction. Based on the corresponding characteristics of successively released blasting energy, the guiding and convergence effect of the new charge structure made of aluminum slotted pipe on the explosion energy is greater than that of the new charge structure made of the other two types of slotted pipe material. According to the strain data measured after blasting, the peak arrival time of the strain peak in the direction of the slotted pipe on one side of the shaped hood is shorter than that in the other two directions, and the peak strain is greater than that in the other two directions while having a better energy gathering effect. Based on the findings, the new charge structure with directional energy concentration has a damage reduction effect. Furthermore, the material of aluminum slotted pipe is found to be better than PVC slotted pipe, whereas the material of PVC slotted pipe is better than kraft paper slotted pipe in achieving directional rock breaking.
对于采矿、土木工程及类似领域的聚能装药爆破工程，建议通过将割缝管与聚能装药药型罩相结合来修改装药结构，以获得一种新型装药结构。其目的是通过聚能装药的聚焦作用实现定向破岩。通过理论分析结合模型试验研究、高速摄像机、应力应变计等设备，探讨了不同割缝管材料对采用新型装药结构的聚能定向破岩效果的影响。对切割宽度为2毫米的铝制、牛皮纸制和PVC制割缝管进行了比较。基于爆破后形成的裂纹特征，铝制割缝管制成的新型装药结构产生的穿透裂纹几乎与预裂方向一致。基于相继释放的爆破能量的相应特征，铝制割缝管制成的新型装药结构对爆炸能量的导向和汇聚作用大于其他两种割缝管材料制成的新型装药结构。根据爆破后测得的应变数据，药型罩一侧割缝管方向的应变峰值到达时间比其他两个方向短，峰值应变大于其他两个方向，同时具有更好的能量聚集效果。基于这些发现，具有定向能量集中的新型装药结构具有降损效果。此外，发现铝制割缝管材料在实现定向破岩方面优于PVC制割缝管，而PVC制割缝管材料优于牛皮纸制割缝管。
