School of Management, Shandong Second Medical University, 261053, Weifang, Shandong, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Mar 28;24(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-04922-5.
Previous studies have proven the positive relationship between healthy lifestyles and cognitive function in older adults. However, the specific impacts and mechanisms require further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether healthy lifestyles and cognitive function were associated with Chinese older adults and whether depressive symptoms mediated their association.
8272 valid samples were included using the latest data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Pearson's test was applied to investigate the relationship between the key variables. Regression models were employed to examine the mediating effects of healthy lifestyles, using Sobel's test and the bootstrap method to confirm path effects.
There was a significant correlation between healthy lifestyles, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function (p < 0.01). Healthy lifestyles directly impact cognitive function (β = 0.162, p < 0.01). Healthy lifestyles had a significant effect on depressive symptoms (β=-0.301, p < 0.01), while depressive symptoms have a significant impact on cognitive function (β=-0.108, p < 0.01). Depressive symptoms partially mediated the effect of healthy lifestyles on cognitive function (β = 0.032, p < 0.01). The Sobel and bootstrap tests confirmed the robustness of the regression analysis results.
Depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between healthy lifestyles and cognitive function. Our findings suggest that prevention strategies for cognitive impairment in older adults should focus on healthy lifestyles and mental health.
先前的研究已经证明了健康的生活方式与老年人认知功能之间的积极关系。然而，具体的影响和机制仍需进一步研究。因此，本研究旨在探讨健康的生活方式和认知功能是否与中国老年人有关，以及抑郁症状是否在其中起中介作用。
本研究使用中国老年健康长寿纵向研究（CLHLS）的最新数据，纳入了 8272 个有效样本。采用 Pearson 检验来研究关键变量之间的关系。采用回归模型来检验健康生活方式的中介效应，使用 Sobel 检验和 bootstrap 方法来确认路径效应。
健康的生活方式、抑郁症状和认知功能之间存在显著相关性（p<0.01）。健康的生活方式直接影响认知功能（β=0.162，p<0.01）。健康的生活方式对抑郁症状有显著影响（β=-0.301，p<0.01），而抑郁症状对认知功能有显著影响（β=-0.108，p<0.01）。抑郁症状部分中介了健康的生活方式对认知功能的影响（β=0.032，p<0.01）。Sobel 和 bootstrap 检验证实了回归分析结果的稳健性。
抑郁症状在健康的生活方式和认知功能之间起中介作用。我们的研究结果表明，预防老年人认知障碍的策略应侧重于健康的生活方式和心理健康。
