Department of Big Data Strategy, National Health Insurance Services, Wonju, Korea.
Sungkyunkwan University School of Pharmacy, Suwon, Korea.
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024040. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2024040. Epub 2024 Mar 18.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination administered to adolescent girls through Korea's National Immunization Program.
This retrospective cohort study included patients who were 12-13 years old, whether vaccinated or unvaccinated, between July 2016 and December 2017. The incidence of genital warts (GWs) was monitored through 2021. Time-stratified hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated, adjusting for birth year, socioeconomic status, and the level of urbanization of the region, and were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data were sourced from the Immunization Registry Integration System, linked with the National Health Information Database.
The study included 332,062 adolescent girls, with an average follow-up period of approximately 4.6 years. Except for the first year, the HRs for the vaccinated group were lower than those for the unvaccinated group. The HRs for specific cut-off years were as follows: year 2, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.31 to 1.13); year 3, 0.58 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.96); and year 4 and beyond, 0.39 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.52).
Our findings indicate that HPV vaccination was associated with a reduction in the risk of GWs among adolescent girls. Notably, this reduction became significant as the incidence of GWs increased with age.
本研究旨在评估通过韩国国家免疫计划向青少年女孩接种人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗的效果。
本回顾性队列研究纳入了 2016 年 7 月至 2017 年 12 月期间 12-13 岁的接种或未接种疫苗的患者。通过 2021 年监测生殖器疣（GWs）的发病率。调整出生年份、社会经济地位和地区城市化水平后，估计时间分层风险比（HRs），并以 95%置信区间（CI）呈现。数据来自免疫登记系统整合系统，与国家健康信息数据库相关联。
该研究纳入了 332062 名青少年女孩，平均随访时间约为 4.6 年。除第一年外，接种组的 HR 均低于未接种组。特定截止年份的 HR 如下：第 2 年，0.62（95%CI，0.31-1.13）；第 3 年，0.58（95%CI，0.35-0.96）；第 4 年及以后，0.39（95%CI，0.28-0.52）。
我们的研究结果表明 HPV 疫苗接种与青少年女孩 GWs 风险降低相关。值得注意的是，随着 GWs 发病率随年龄增加而增加，这种降低变得显著。
