Ouyang Zhaofeng, Wang Yan, Wang Shuo, Geng Shitao, Zhao Xiaoju, Zhang Xiao, Xu Qiuchen, Yuan Bin, Tang Shanshan, Li Jun, Wang Fei, Yao Guangbao, Sun Hao
Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, and Key Laboratory of Green and High-End Utilization of Salt Lake Resources (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Jun;36(26):e2401114. doi: 10.1002/adma.202401114. Epub 2024 Apr 4.
Anode-free lithium (Li) metal batteries are promising candidates for advanced energy storage, attributed to their appealing characteristics such as high energy density, low cost, and convenient production. However, their major challenges lie in the poor cycling and rate performance owing to the inferior reversibility and kinetics of Li plating and stripping, which significantly hinder their real-world applications. Here, it is demonstrated that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the most important genetic material in nature, can serve as a highly programmable interphase layer for innovation of anode-free Li metal batteries. It is found that the abundant base pairs in DNA can contribute transient Li-N bonds that facilitate homogeneous Li flux, thus resulting in excellent Li plating/stripping kinetics and reversibility even at a harsh areal current of 15 mA cm. The anode-free LiFePO full batteries based on an ultrathin (0.12 µm) and ultralight (≈0.01 mg cm) DNA interphase layer show high CEs (≈99.1%) over 400 cycles, corresponding to an increase of ≈186% compared with bare copper (Cu) foil. These results shed light on the excellent programmability of DNA as a new family of interphase materials for anode-free batteries, and provide a new paradigm for future battery innovation toward high programmability, high sustainability, and remarkable electrochemical performance.
无阳极锂金属电池因其高能量密度、低成本和生产便捷等吸引人的特性，是先进储能领域很有前景的候选者。然而，由于锂电镀和剥离的可逆性和动力学较差，它们面临的主要挑战在于循环性能和倍率性能不佳，这严重阻碍了它们在实际中的应用。在此，证明了脱氧核糖核酸（DNA），自然界中最重要的遗传物质，可以作为一种高度可编程的界面层用于无阳极锂金属电池的创新。研究发现，DNA中丰富的碱基对可以形成瞬态Li-N键，促进均匀的锂通量，从而即使在15 mA cm的苛刻面电流下也能实现优异的锂电镀/剥离动力学和可逆性。基于超薄（0.12 µm）和超轻（≈0.01 mg cm）DNA界面层的无阳极LiFePO全电池在400次循环中显示出高库仑效率（≈99.1%），与裸铜（Cu）箔相比提高了≈186%。这些结果揭示了DNA作为无阳极电池新型界面材料的优异可编程性，并为未来电池朝着高可编程性、高可持续性和卓越电化学性能发展提供了新的范例。
