Wiśniewska Paulina, Saeb Mohammad Reza, Bencherif Sidi A
Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Front Biomater Sci. 2023;2. doi: 10.3389/fbiom.2023.1260402. Epub 2023 Nov 10.
Biomaterials undergo a transformative journey, from their origin as renewable resources to the manufacturing plants where they are processed and stored, until they fulfill their intended therapeutic or diagnostic purposes and become medical waste. However, during this life cycle, biomaterials can be susceptible to contamination and subsequent degradation through various mechanisms such as hydro-mechanical, thermal, or biochemical processes in water, soil, or air. These factors raise significant concerns regarding biological safety. Additional complexities arise from the potential amalgamation of biomaterials with other materials, either of the same kind or different types. Use of biomaterials influences their porosity, surface chemistry, and structural strength, and these factors affect biomaterials' reusability. Given the multitude of materials, processing parameters, sustainability requirements, and the limitation of natural resources, the recycling of biomaterials becomes necessary. Unfortunately, this topic has received limited attention thus far. In this context, this perspective provides a brief overview, analysis, and classification of reports on biomaterials recycling, aiming to initiate a discussion on this frequently overlooked subject. We highlight the challenges related to energy consumption and environmental pollution. However, the lack of established protocols and reporting on biomaterials recycling prevents a comprehensive understanding of these challenges and potential solutions. Nevertheless, addressing these issues can lead to more efficient resource use and reduced environmental impact in the field of biomaterials.
生物材料经历了一个转变过程，从作为可再生资源的起源，到进行加工和储存的制造工厂，直至实现其预期的治疗或诊断目的并成为医疗废物。然而，在这个生命周期中，生物材料可能会因水、土壤或空气中的流体力学、热或生化等各种机制而受到污染并随后降解。这些因素引发了对生物安全性的重大担忧。生物材料与其他同类或不同类型材料的潜在融合会带来更多复杂性。生物材料的使用会影响其孔隙率、表面化学性质和结构强度，而这些因素又会影响生物材料的可重复使用性。鉴于材料种类繁多、加工参数各异、可持续性要求以及自然资源的限制，生物材料的回收利用变得十分必要。不幸的是，到目前为止这个话题受到的关注有限。在此背景下，本观点简要概述、分析并分类了有关生物材料回收利用的报告，旨在引发对这个经常被忽视主题的讨论。我们强调了与能源消耗和环境污染相关的挑战。然而，缺乏关于生物材料回收利用的既定方案和报告阻碍了对这些挑战及潜在解决方案的全面理解。尽管如此，解决这些问题可以在生物材料领域实现更高效的资源利用并减少对环境的影响。
