University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF144XY, United Kingdom.
School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, United Kingdom.
J Robot Surg. 2024 Mar 30;18(1):143. doi: 10.1007/s11701-024-01885-y.
Robotic surgery offers potential advantages over laparoscopic procedures, but the training for configuring robotic systems in the operating room remains underexplored. This study seeks to validate immersive virtual reality (IVR) headset training for setting up the CMR Versius in the operating room. This single-blinded randomized control trial randomised medical students with no prior robotic experience using an online randomiser. The intervention group received IVR headset training, and the control group, e-learning modules. Assessors were blinded to participant group. Primary endpoint was overall score (OS): Likert-scale 1-5: 1 reflecting independent performance, with increasing verbal prompts to a maximum score of 5, requiring physical assistance to complete the task. Secondary endpoints included task scores, time, inter-rater reliability, and concordance with participant confidence scores. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Version 27. Of 23 participants analysed, 11 received IVR and 12 received e-learning. The median OS was lower in the IVR group than the e-learning group 53.5 vs 84.5 (p < 0.001). VR recipients performed tasks independently more frequently and required less physical assistance than e-learning participants (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in time to completion (p = 0.880). Self-assessed confidence scores and assessor scores differed for e-learning participants (p = 0.008), though not IVR participants (p = 0.607). IVR learning is more effective than e-learning for preparing robot-naïve individuals in operating room set-up of the CMR Versius. It offers a feasible, realistic, and accessible option in resource-limited settings and changing dynamics of operating theatre teams. Ongoing deliberate practice, however, is still necessary for achieving optimal performance. ISCRTN Number 10064213.
机器人手术相对于腹腔镜手术具有潜在优势,但在手术室中配置机器人系统的培训仍未得到充分探索。本研究旨在验证沉浸式虚拟现实(IVR)头显培训在手术室中设置 CMR Versius 的效果。这是一项单盲随机对照试验,使用在线随机分组器对没有机器人操作经验的医学生进行随机分组。干预组接受 IVR 头显培训,对照组接受电子学习模块。评估人员对参与者分组情况不知情。主要终点是总体评分(OS):1-5 分的李克特量表:1 分反映独立表现,口头提示逐渐增加,最高得分为 5 分,需要物理协助才能完成任务。次要终点包括任务评分、时间、组间一致性和与参与者信心评分的一致性。统计分析使用 IBM SPSS 版本 27 进行。在分析的 23 名参与者中,11 名接受了 IVR 培训,12 名接受了电子学习培训。IVR 组的 OS 中位数明显低于电子学习组,分别为 53.5 和 84.5(p<0.001)。VR 组的参与者独立完成任务的频率更高,需要的物理协助更少(p<0.001)。完成任务的时间没有显著差异(p=0.880)。电子学习组的自我评估信心评分和评估者评分存在差异(p=0.008),而 IVR 组则没有(p=0.607)。IVR 学习对于培训机器人新手在手术室中设置 CMR Versius 更为有效。它为资源有限和手术室团队动态变化的环境提供了一种可行、现实和可及的选择。然而,为了达到最佳性能,仍需要持续进行有针对性的练习。ISCRTN 编号 10064213。