El-Mohamed Jade, Ahmadipour MohammadAli, Warrier Satish, Costello Tony, Hii Michael, Mohan Helen
International Medical Robotics Academy (IMRA), Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
St Vincent's Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
J Robot Surg. 2025 Aug 19;19(1):496. doi: 10.1007/s11701-025-02667-w.
BACKGROUND: Robotic surgery is an increasingly common component of surgical practice, yet it remains underrepresented in medical student education. While student interest in robotic surgery is high, their exposure is often informal and incidental. OBJECTIVE: To map the existing literature on robotic surgery curricula developed for medical students and to evaluate the extent to which these curricula align with Kern's six-step framework for curriculum development. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched. Studies were included that focused on medical students and addressed one or more of Kern's six curriculum development steps. Dual independent screening and consensus coding were used. Data were extracted and mapped to Kern's framework. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were included, primarily small, single-institution pilots featuring the da Vinci surgical system. Most described technical skills training delivered via simulation. Few studies defined learning objectives and none addressed non-technical skills such as communication and teamwork. Implementation was limited with no evidence of long-term evaluation or curricula integration. CONCLUSION: While robotic surgery curricula for medical students are feasible and valued, they remain in early stages of development. There is a need for structured, scalable and educationally grounded curricula that introduce foundational knowledge and support student readiness for technology-integrated surgical practice.
背景:机器人手术在外科实践中越来越常见,但在医学生教育中所占比例仍然较低。尽管学生对机器人手术兴趣浓厚,但他们往往只是非正式地、偶然地接触到相关内容。 目的:梳理现有的针对医学生开发的机器人手术课程文献,并评估这些课程与克恩课程开发六步法框架的契合程度。 方法:按照PRISMA-ScR指南进行范围综述。检索MEDLINE、EMBASE和Cochrane数据库。纳入的研究聚焦于医学生,并涉及克恩课程开发六个步骤中的一个或多个步骤。采用双人独立筛选和共识编码。提取数据并映射到克恩框架。 结果:纳入21项研究,主要是使用达芬奇手术系统的小型单机构试点研究。大多数研究描述了通过模拟进行的技术技能培训。很少有研究明确学习目标,没有一项研究涉及沟通和团队合作等非技术技能。实施有限,没有长期评估或课程整合的证据。 结论:虽然针对医学生的机器人手术课程是可行且有价值的,但仍处于早期开发阶段。需要有结构化、可扩展且基于教育的课程,以引入基础知识并支持学生为技术整合的外科实践做好准备。
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