Finsterer Josef
Neurology, Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, AUT.
Cureus. 2024 Feb 29;16(2):e55205. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55205. eCollection 2024 Feb.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations can lead to complications, including post-acute COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PACVS). There has been no report of a patient with PACVS presenting with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), myocarditis/pericarditis, immunodeficiency, or coagulopathy after the second BNT162b2 dose. The patient is a 51-year-old woman with chronic myopericarditis, coagulopathy due to factor-VIII increase and protein-S deficiency, GBS, and a number of other ocular, dermatological, immunological, and central nervous system abnormalities related to the second dose of the BNT172b2 vaccine. GBS manifested with mild, multiple cranial nerve lesions, small fibre neuropathy (SFN) affecting the autonomic system with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and orthostatic hypotension, and sensory disturbances in the upper and lower limbs. PACVS was diagnosed months after onset, but despite the delayed diagnosis, the patient benefited from glucocorticoids, repeated HELP apheresis, and multiple symptomatic treatments. The case shows that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination can be complicated by PACVS manifesting as chronic myopericarditis, coagulopathy, GBS with predominant dysautonomia, and impaired immune competence, and that diagnosis of PACVS can be delayed for months. Delayed diagnosis of PACVS may result in a delay in appropriate treatment and the prolongation of disabling symptoms. Patients and physicians should be made aware of PACVS to improve diagnostic and therapeutic management in terms of patient and healthcare system costs.
接种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)疫苗可能会导致并发症,包括急性新冠疫苗接种后综合征(PACVS)。尚无报告称,在接种第二剂BNT162b2疫苗后,出现PACVS的患者会伴有吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)、心肌炎/心包炎、免疫缺陷或凝血病。该患者为一名51岁女性,患有慢性心肌心包炎、因因子VIII增加和蛋白S缺乏导致的凝血病、GBS,以及一些与第二剂BNT172b2疫苗相关的其他眼部、皮肤、免疫和中枢神经系统异常。GBS表现为轻度、多发性颅神经病变、影响自主神经系统的小纤维神经病变(SFN),伴有体位性心动过速综合征(POTS)和直立性低血压,以及上下肢感觉障碍。PACVS在发病数月后被诊断出来,但尽管诊断延迟,患者仍受益于糖皮质激素、重复的血液滤过吸附治疗(HELP)和多种对症治疗。该病例表明,SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种可能会并发表现为慢性心肌心包炎、凝血病、以自主神经功能障碍为主的GBS和免疫功能受损的PACVS,且PACVS的诊断可能会延迟数月。PACVS的延迟诊断可能会导致适当治疗的延迟和致残症状的延长。应让患者和医生了解PACVS,以在患者和医疗系统成本方面改善诊断和治疗管理。