García-Sánchez José-Rufino, Gago-Valiente Francisco-Javier, López-López María-José, Segura-Camacho Adrián, Saenz-de-la-Torre Luis-Carlos, Moreno-Sánchez Emilia
Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Center for Research in Contemporary Thought and Innovation for Social Development (COIDESO), University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2024 Mar 15;15:1323208. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1323208. eCollection 2024.
Despite the evidence about the negative impact of homophobic and lesbophobic attitudes on the quality of life of these individuals, the World Health Organisation (WHO) continues to report a lack of research and understanding regarding the health of gays and lesbians and LGTB people in general. There is a growing commitment in public health to understand and improve the health and well-being of LGTB people, and it is very important that professionals in social, educational and health care settings are adequately trained and informed to solve the problems that persist in this population. The aim of this study was to identify homophobic and lesbophobic attitudes in a Spanish youth population, analyzing the relationship of these attitudes with sociodemographic, cultural, political and personal variables.
A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with 325 young people aged 18-30 years. The information was collected through the Modern Homophobia Scale of Raja & Stokes, in which sociodemographic and sociocultural variables were also gathered. The data were analyzed and correlations were estimated.
The males showed a more negative attitude toward homosexual people compared to the females. The participants with a higher education level presented more positive attitudes toward homosexual people. Younger people with a heterosexual orientation had more negative attitudes toward homosexual people compared to those with a homosexual orientation. The participants with a stronger right-wing political tendency presented a greater percentage of negative attitudes toward LGTB people.
Variables such as education level, sexual orientation and political ideology may have a significant influence on the attitudes toward homosexual men and/or lesbian women. Different results were obtained as a function of sex, thus it is important to consider the gender perspective in future studies that tackle this topic.
尽管有证据表明恐同和恐女态度会对这些人的生活质量产生负面影响，但世界卫生组织（WHO）仍不断报告称，对于同性恋者以及一般LGTB人群的健康，缺乏相关研究和了解。公共卫生领域越来越致力于理解并改善LGTB人群的健康和福祉，社会、教育及医疗保健领域的专业人员接受充分培训并了解相关信息，以解决该人群中持续存在的问题，这一点非常重要。本研究的目的是确定西班牙青年人群中的恐同和恐女态度，分析这些态度与社会人口统计学、文化、政治及个人变量之间的关系。
对325名年龄在18至30岁的年轻人进行了一项描述性横断面研究。通过拉贾和斯托克斯的现代恐同量表收集信息，该量表还收集了社会人口统计学和社会文化变量。对数据进行分析并估计相关性。
与女性相比，男性对同性恋者的态度更为消极。受过高等教育的参与者对同性恋者的态度更为积极。与同性恋取向的年轻人相比，异性恋取向的年轻人对同性恋者的态度更为消极。具有较强右翼政治倾向的参与者对LGTB人群持负面态度的比例更高。
教育水平、性取向和政治意识形态等变量可能对对待男同性恋者和/或女同性恋者的态度产生重大影响。根据性别获得了不同的结果，因此在未来处理该主题的研究中考虑性别视角很重要。
